Volume 64, Issue 4, Pages (October 2003)

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Volume 64, Issue 4, Pages 1157-1162 (October 2003) Lillian Jean Kaplan International Prize for Advancement in the Understanding of Polycystic Kidney Disease Jared J. Grantham Kidney International Volume 64, Issue 4, Pages 1157-1162 (October 2003) DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00242.x Copyright © 2003 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Method for demonstrating that proximal straight tubules change from absorbing to secreting fluid when para-aminohippurate (PAH) is added to the external bath. Secretion was confirmed by showing that the addition of PAH to the bath caused the lumens of nonperfused proximal straight tubules to distend with fluid. Kidney International 2003 64, 1157-1162DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00242.x) Copyright © 2003 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Mechanism by which cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) agonists stimulate the secretion of chloride and sodium into cysts. Chloride enters cells through the NKCC1 cotransporter and exits through cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channels and purinergic chloride channels. Sodium enters the urine via a paracellular pathway down an electrical potential gradient. Abbreviations are: AVP, arginine vasopressin; ATP, adenosine triphosphate; cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate; PKA, protein kinase A. Kidney International 2003 64, 1157-1162DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00242.x) Copyright © 2003 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Scheme by which adenylyl cyclase agonists promote cyst enlargement by activating extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in a way that complements the action of receptor tyrosine kinase agonists. See text for details. Abbreviations are: cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate; PKA, protein kinase A; MEK 1/2, mitogen-activated kinase kinase. Kidney International 2003 64, 1157-1162DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00242.x) Copyright © 2003 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions