6.2 Newton’s Second Law.

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Presentation transcript:

6.2 Newton’s Second Law

Newton’s Second Law Concepts Acceleration is proportional to force ↑ F = ↑ a Have one student draw the graph of speed vs. number of rubber bands from their lab manual on the board Ask: If we increase the number of rubber bands, we are increasing the ..... [force on the car] Ask: From the graph of this data, if we increase the force, what happens to the speed? [speed should increase] Ask: What type of relationship exists between variables if they both increase or both decrease? [direct relationship] SHOW INFORMATION ON SLIDE

Newton’s Second Law Concepts Acceleration is inversely proportional to mass ↑ m = ↓ a Have one student draw the graph of speed vs. mass from their lab manual on the board Ask: From the graph of this data, if we increase the mass of the car, what happens to the speed? [speed should decrease] Ask: What type of relationship exists between variables if one variable increases and the other decreases? [inverse relationship] SHOW INFORMATION ON SLIDE Ask: Using concepts related to Newton’s first law, how can you explain this relationship? [inertia] Ask: And what is the definition of inertia? [the property of an object that resists changes in motion]

Newton’s Second Law Concepts Acceleration is the result of unbalanced forces Acceleration is in the same direction as the net force Ask: According to Newton’s first law, what happens to the motion of an object if the forces on it are unbalanced? [there is a change in motion - it speeds up or slows down] Ask: And if an object is speeding up or slowing down, what do we call that? [acceleration] Ask: If I move this car this direction, what direction is the net force? [the same direction of motion]

Units of Force: The Newton Newton: the amount of force needed to accelerate a 1 kg object by 1 m/s every second 1 N = 1 kg•m/s2 Write 1 N = 1 kg•m/s2 on the board Ask: Looking at the units we have here, how can we write an equation for force? Replace N with F Circle kg and Ask: What quantity does kg correspond to? [mass] Circle m/s2 and Ask: What quantity that we have discussed does m/s2 correspond to? [acceleration]

Newton’s Second Law Ask: Using this equation, how can I write an equation for a= ? [ a = F/m ] Ask: Using the equation, how can I write an equation for m= ? [ m = F/a ]

Newton’s Second Law Exit Slip John threw a 5.0 kg shot put with an acceleration of 28.5 m/s2. What net force did John exert on the shot put? Ask: Using this equation, how can I write an equation for a= ? [ a = F/m ] Ask: Using the equation, how can I write an equation for m= ? [ m = F/a ]