Ultranationalism and Genocide How nationalism goes beyond pride in your own nation to wanting to destroy other nations

For the next slide… You will see a picture of a man If you know who it is, DO NOT say his name!

How would you describe the tone or mood of the poster? How would you describe the facial expressions of the man at the center? Of the children around him? What kinds of person does the poster present the man at the center to be? Is it obvious he is a leader? What kind? How would you know?

Supreme Leader Stalin was a dictator, and his style of rule became known as “totalitarianism” (=total control) Used techniques to maintain control like force, terror, controlled political participation, scapegoating, and indoctrination

Stalin’s Goals His goal was to build a militarily powerful and industrially strong country. Major policy initiatives: Collectivization – reformed agriculture (centralized, gov’t ownership of all land) The Five Year Plans – rapid industrialization Purges – removed undesirable people (killed or sent to forced labour camps) Often the people who were purged belonged to minority groups (not Russian)

Key Ideas Ukranization during WWI, the Ukrainians tried to assert their independence At first, Soviet authorities allowed a policy of “Ukranization” which promoted Ukrainian language and culture This policy led to stronger desire for self determination

Ukrainians had a strong sense of nationalism, and expressed their desire for self-determination Russification Stalin wanted to make the republics more “Russian” Education, language, forced migrations Massive arrests of Ukraine’ intellectual, political, and religious leaders followed

Forced collectivization as a method of punishing the Ukrainians while also financing the industrialization of the country Grain to be sold to foreign countries to finance rapid industrialization Loss of privately owned land Kulaks (landowning farmers) were opposed, in response most were condemned to death or exiled to Siberia Stalin increased quotas, making it impossible to meet demands = punishment for locals

The Holodomor Soviet armed troops confiscated all of Ukraine’s food sources and sealed its borders People could not access food that was available in Russia This created a MAN MADE famine, known as the Holodomor Stalin did not allow people to refer to famine, or accept international relief

Results of Holodomor Estimated 7 MILLION died, 25% of the population, 1/3 of those who died were children At the height of the Holodomor, villagers were DYING at a rate of 25000 per DAY, or 1000 per HOUR, or 17 per MINUTE Seen as an act of genocide