Geological Society, London, Memoirs

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Geological Society, London, Memoirs Submarine glacial landform distribution in the central Arctic Ocean shelf–slope–basin system by M. Jakobsson Geological Society, London, Memoirs Volume 46(1):469-476 November 30, 2016 © 2016 The Author(s). Published by The Geological Society of London

(a) Bathymetric map of the Arctic Ocean and study areas (red boxes, map from IBCAO v. 3.0). (a) Bathymetric map of the Arctic Ocean and study areas (red boxes, map from IBCAO v. 3.0). Purple line is mean minimum sea-ice extent (September). Pink line is mean maximum sea-ice extent (March). AGT, Amundsen Gulf Trough; AP, Arlis Plateau; BS, Bering Strait; CP, Chukchi Plateau; CR, Chukchi Rise; FS, Fram Strait; HC, Herald Canyon; LR, Lomonosov Ridge; McT, M'Clure Trough; MJR, Morris Jesup Rise; MT, Mackenzie Trough; MR, Mendeleev Ridge; NS, Nares Strait; StT, St Anna Trough; YP, Yermak Plateau. (b) Ice-sheet extent during Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) (from Ehlers & Gibbard 2004; Svendsen et al. 2004; England et al. 2009). LGM topography is from ICE-5G (Peltier 2004). (c) Western section of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago with outlines of the main CSTs (black line) and TMFs (black dashed line). TMF, trough-mouth fan. (d) 3D view of the CSTs in the western Canadian Arctic Archipelago. M. Jakobsson Geological Society, London, Memoirs 2016;46:469-476 © 2016 The Author(s). Published by The Geological Society of London

Multibeam imagery of submarine glacial landforms from the central Arctic Ocean (located in Fig. 1a). Multibeam imagery of submarine glacial landforms from the central Arctic Ocean (located in Fig. 1a). (a) Recessional moraine ridges on the slope off Herald Canyon (Oden; modified from Jakobsson et al. 2016). (b) MSGL-like streamline landforms on Northwind Ridge (Healy). (c) Large iceberg ploughmarks on Morris Jesup Rise (Oden). (d) Two sets of MSGL-like landforms on Arlis Plateau (Oden; modified from Jakobsson et al. 2016). Multibeam acquisition system for USCGC Healy Seabeam 2140. Frequency 12 kHz. Grid-cell size 30 m. Multibeam acquisition system for IB Oden EM 122. Frequency 12 kHz. Grid-cell size 15 m. M. Jakobsson Geological Society, London, Memoirs 2016;46:469-476 © 2016 The Author(s). Published by The Geological Society of London

(a) Location map of Lomonosov Ridge (red box, map from IBCAO v. 3.0). (a) Location map of Lomonosov Ridge (red box, map from IBCAO v. 3.0). (b) Chirp sonar profile showing stratigraphic unconformity on the Lomonosov Ridge caused by glacial erosion of the ridge crest (Jakobsson 1999). Chirp sonar acquisition system EdgeTech SC-512. Frequency 0.5–12 kHz (pulse 2–4 kHz, 100 ms long). (c) Multibeam bathymetry of Lomonosov Ridge showing MSGL-like features crossing it (modified from Jakobsson et al. 2016). Acquisition system EM 122. Frequency 12 kHz. Grid-cell size 15 m. (d) Bathymetric profile between y and y′ located in (c). VE×29. M. Jakobsson Geological Society, London, Memoirs 2016;46:469-476 © 2016 The Author(s). Published by The Geological Society of London

Multibeam bathymetry from the southern Lomonosov Ridge crest off the Siberian continental margin. Multibeam bathymetry from the southern Lomonosov Ridge crest off the Siberian continental margin. (a) Location map (red box, map from IBCAO v. 3.0). (b) Bathymetric profile between x and x′ shown in (d). VE×23. (c) Multibeam image of the MSGL-like features. Multibeam acquisition system EM 122. Frequency 12 kHz. Grid-cell size 15 m. (d) Multibeam bathymetry of the Lomonosov Ridge crest showing MSGL-like features crossing the ridge (modified from Jakobsson et al. 2016). M. Jakobsson Geological Society, London, Memoirs 2016;46:469-476 © 2016 The Author(s). Published by The Geological Society of London

Ice-sheet reconstruction of LGM after the maximum version of Hughes et al. Ice-sheet reconstruction of LGM after the maximum version of Hughes et al. (1977), including a 1 km thick ice shelf in the Arctic Ocean. M. Jakobsson Geological Society, London, Memoirs 2016;46:469-476 © 2016 The Author(s). Published by The Geological Society of London

Schematic landform-assemblage model for the central Arctic Ocean shelf–slope–basin system. M. Jakobsson Geological Society, London, Memoirs 2016;46:469-476 © 2016 The Author(s). Published by The Geological Society of London