Transformations Around the Globe Chapter 28

China Self-sufficient Did not want anything from the Europeans Europeans had access to the port at Guangzhou - opium

Opium Wars - 1839 - 1842 China’s outdated fishing ships destroyed by Britain’s battleships Treaty of Nanjing gave US and European citizens extraterritorial rights – foreigners were not subject to Chinese laws at Guangzhou and four other Chinese ports

Internal Problems Read the Qing emperor’s letter to Britain before the war pg 806 The Chinese were not happy with the Qing’s inability to stop the opium trade Taiping Rebellion – reformers took over but broke up while in charge – very bloody

Cixi Dowager Empress from 1862 – 1908 Self-strengthening movement of education, diplomatic relations, military, industrial (rifles, gunboats, ammo) Although successful, many European nations and Japan gained a sphere of influence

U.S. Sphere of Influence Open Door Policy – doors be opened to all nations This strengthened trading rights for Europe and US and protected China from colonization

The Righteous Harmonious Fist Boxer Rebellion – angry about foreign influence “death to the foreign devils” Very bloody but put down in Beijing – people wanted change

Don’t forget: You can copy-paste this slide into other presentations, and move or resize the poll. http://www.polleverywhere.com/multiple_choice_polls/LsLhMTFmsTzaIa0 If you like, you can use this slide as a template for your own voting slides. You might use a slide like this if you feel your audience would benefit from the picture showing a text message on a phone.

Don’t forget: You can copy-paste this slide into other presentations, and move or resize the poll. http://www.polleverywhere.com/multiple_choice_polls/u4iD61vvSphBuMs If you like, you can use this slide as a template for your own voting slides. You might use a slide like this if you feel your audience would benefit from the picture showing a text message on a phone.

Don’t forget: You can copy-paste this slide into other presentations, and move or resize the poll. http://www.polleverywhere.com/multiple_choice_polls/hCWmJwVEgvcNiB2 If you like, you can use this slide as a template for your own voting slides. You might use a slide like this if you feel your audience would benefit from the picture showing a text message on a phone.

Don’t forget: You can copy-paste this slide into other presentations, and move or resize the poll. http://www.polleverywhere.com/multiple_choice_polls/VpzrgPO2VjarYbh If you like, you can use this slide as a template for your own voting slides. You might use a slide like this if you feel your audience would benefit from the picture showing a text message on a phone.

Japanese Modernization Meiji Restoration Treaty of Kanagawa – US Commodore Matthew Perry opened two ports for trade Just like China, by 1960 several had been opened

Meiji Power Feeling strong like western nations, Japan wanted to expand and gain more resources Japan attacks Korea and China in the Sino-Japanese War Gave Japan the colony of Taiwan – much conflict today between Taiwan, China, and Japan over Taiwan

Russo-Japanese War Russia wanted Manchuria Treaty of Portsmouth give Japan Korea as colony, later annex it

Latin America

Latin America Large landowners owned everything. Workers were basically slaves. Unequal distribution. Army leaders, called caudillos, became military dictators Wealthy landowners supported caudillos because caudillos did not want to give power to the lower classes

Latin America Economies Export oriented The steam engine, boats and railroads, made Latin America an important trading partner. Refrigeration made beef and fruits easier to export Because Latin America exchanged their exports for manufactured goods, their economies did not develop

Latin America Economies Countries that imported a lot of goods did not use their money on important things like schools and hospitals They borrowed money to improve their export facilities Why is this bad?

Economic Colonialism Latin American countries couldn’t pay back their loans Many European countries tried to reconquer the new republics

Monroe Doctrine “the American continents are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers” 1832

Cuba Declared its independence from Spain in 1868 and fought a ten year war Gave up I thought the US had the Monroe Doctrine???

Jose Marti Exiled from Cuba and lived in New York Dragged the US into another war with Spain

Spanish-American War USS Maine - Philippines, then the Caribbean United States instilled a military government – not independence Yellow Journalism, TR and the Rough Riders The United States gain Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines

American Giant Wanted to dominate even further - video Offered Panama $10 million plus a yearly payment to build the canal Big deal for trading and war

Roosevelt Corollary An extension to the Monroe Doctrine Said we are an “international police power” Used this to police Latin America

Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna Leader of Mexican independence from Spain in 1821 – Mexican president in 1833 Americans were getting a little rowdy – Stephen Austin Lead a revolt against Mexico to make Texas part of the US

The Alamo Santa Anna beat 200 American rebels with 3,000 Mexicans Davy Crocket - Video Battle of San Jacinto – Sam Houston catches Santa Anna napping Pg 176 & 16

Mexican-American War Nueces River/Rio Grande “fifty-four forty or fight” Ordered across the river Dominated

Benito Juarez and La Reforma Opposite of Santa Anna – put his country first Redistribute land, separate church and state, increase educational opportunities for the poor Sent into exile by Santa Anna

Porfirio Diaz Caudillo Dictatorial powers to stay elected

Madero Begins the Revolution Francisco Madero – educated in France and US, democracy Pancho Villa and Emiliano Zapata became popular. Wanted more for the poor Madero was elected president, but Pancho and Zapata didn’t like that Eventually a new constitution was adopted in 1917 under Venustiano Carranza