Section 4-2 What Shapes an Ecosystem?

Ecosystem Biotic components Abiotic components Ecological interactions

Habitat The area where an organism lives. Analogy - address Yellow Rumped Warbler Address coniferous forest

Niche The place the organism occupies in the food web Includes type of food, how it gets food, who uses it as food, how it reproduces. Analogy - occupation

Figure 4-5 Three Species of Warblers and Their Niches Section 4-2 Cape May Warbler Feeds at the tips of branches near the top of the tree Bay-Breasted Warbler Feeds in the middle part of the tree Yellow-Rumped Warbler Feeds in the lower part of the tree and at the bases of the middle branches Spruce tree

Community Interactions Competition Predation Symbiosis Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism

Competition Resources in use at same place at same time Individuals of the same species often compete The habitat can be partitioned through time or space Kit Fox Burrowing Owl

Predation When one organism feeds on another

Symbiosis Mutualism – both benefit Commensalism – one benefits, the other neither helped nor harmed Parasitism – one benefited, one harmed

Succession Primary – from nothing to climax community