Matter and Its Properties Chapter 1- Section2

Introduction Volume: _________________________________ Mass: Matter: __________________________________ _________________________________ _ Two main types of matter: ________________________________________

Classification of Matter ____________ Substance Can only be separated by _____________ All samples have _________________________________ Are further divided into ________________________________

Building Blocks of Matter Atom: ______________________________________ _____________________________________ _ Elements Compound

Classification of Matter Elements _____________________________________ ___________________________________ Compounds ____________________________________

Classification of Matter Compounds: Made up of ____________ types of atoms _____________ bonded together The constituent elements will be in ____________________ and will have ___________________than the compound Can only be separated into its elements by a _________change. This ___________ change will break some bonds and form new ones which results in a new substance

Molecules Molecule: __________________________________ _________________________________ _ If the atoms are different, you have a molecule of a __________ If the atoms are the same, you have a molecule of an _________

HON and the Halogens Hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), and the halogens (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine) exist as __________________________________ _________________ (_______________________________) HONClBrIF H and upper right corner of PT.

Classification of Matter Mixture: __________________________________ _________________________________ _ Can be separated by _________ means Each substance retains its own ____________________in the mixture.

Classification of Matter Types of Mixtures: ________________mixture uniform in composition AKA solution ________________ mixture Not uniform throughout Can possibly see the different components

Classification of Matter

Classification of Matter To Separate a Mixture Pick out the big pieces Use of a magnet Filtration, decant, centrifuge Paper chromatography Distillation

Properties and Changes of Matter Extensive properties: depend on the ___________________________________ Examples include: _______________________________________ Intensive properties: do NOT depend on the ______________________ Examples include: _____________________________________ _______________________________

Properties and Changes of Matter Solid: has a ________ volume and ________ shape Liquid: has a _______volume but an _______ shape (____________________________) Gas: _______volume or shape (_________________________________) ___________: high-temperature physical state of matter in which atoms lose most of their electrons

Visual Representations

Properties and Changes in Matter Physical properties: properties that can be observed and measured without _____ ___________________________________ Examples would be ___________________________ Chemical properties: properties that can only be observed by __________________________________ Examples: _____________________________

Properties and Changes of Matter Chemical change: changes the _____ properties of the substance, you will have _______________________________ A chemical change is the result of a chemical reaction Physical change: does _____ change the chemical properties of the substance; identity remains the same. usually changes its state of matter or size (as in cutting into smaller pieces or changing its phase)

Properties and Changes Reactants: the substances that _____ in a chemical change Products: the substances that are ___________ in a chemical change NaHCO3 + HCl  NaCl + H2O + CO2 ________ _________

Evidence for Chemical Reactions There are four observations that indicate a chemical reaction is possibly taking place. ________________________ Gas may be observed in many ways in a reaction from light fizzing to heavy bubbling.

Evidence for Chemical Reactions, Continued __________________________________________________________________. If we add two aqueous solutions together, we may observe the production of a solid substance. The insoluble solid formed is called a ___________.

Evidence for Chemical Reactions, Continued __________________________ ____________________________. Many chemical reactions involve a permanent color change. A change in color indicates that a new substance has been formed.

Evidence for Chemical Reactions, Continued __________________________ Examples of a heat energy change in a chemical reaction are heat and light being given off.