Le Chatelier's Principle Lesson 3 Le Chatelier's Principle Gases

A(g) + B(g) ⇄ AB(g) 2 particles 1 particle more pressure less pressure When the reaction shifts to the right it lowers the pressure When the reaction shifts to the left it increases the pressure

Simulation A(g) + B(g) ⇄ AB(g) 50 Particles Shifting right reduces the particles and the pressure

A(g) + B(g) ⇄ AB(g) 50 Particles Shifting right reduces the particles and the pressure

A(g) + B(g) ⇄ AB(g) 49 Particles Shifting right reduces the particles and the pressure

A(g) + B(g) ⇄ AB(g) 49 Particles Shifting right reduces the particles and the pressure

A(g) + B(g) ⇄ AB(g) 48 Particles Shifting right reduces the particles and the pressure

A(g) + B(g) ⇄ AB(g) 49 Particles Shifting left increases the particles and the pressure

A(g) + B(g) ⇄ AB(g) 49 Particles Shifting left increases the particles and the pressure

A(g) + B(g) ⇄ AB(g) 50 Particles Shifting right reduces the particles and the pressure

4HCl(g) + 2O2(g) ⇄ 2H2O(l) + 2Cl2(g) 6 gas particles 2 gas particles more pressure less pressure Shifting left increases the pressure by making more particles.

2SO3(g) ⇄ 2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2 gas particles 3 gas particles more pressure less pressure Shifting right it increases the pressure by making more particles.

I2(g) + Cl2(g) ⇄ 2ICl(g) 2 gas particles 2 gas particles the pressure is the same on both sides This reaction will not shift with pressure.

6. 1. Increasing the pressure by decreasing the volume shifts the 6.1 Increasing the pressure by decreasing the volume shifts the to the fewest gas molecules. Only (g) count for gas particles. 4HCl (g) + 2O2 (g) ⇄ 2H2O (l) + 2Cl2 (g) + 98kJ   We decrease the volume Simulation

6. 1. Increasing the pressure by decreasing the volume shifts the 6.1 Increasing the pressure by decreasing the volume shifts the to the fewest gas molecules. Only (g) count for gas particles. 4HCl (g) + 2O2 (g) ⇄ 2H2O (l) + 2Cl2 (g) + 98kJ   We decrease the volume

4HCl (g) + 2O2 (g) ⇄ 2H2O (l) + 2Cl2 (g) + 98kJ 6.1 Increasing the pressure by decreasing the volume shifts to the fewest gas molecules. Only (g) count for gas particles. 4HCl (g) + 2O2 (g) ⇄ 2H2O (l) + 2Cl2 (g) + 98kJ   6 2  We decrease the volume and we increase pressure! The reaction opposes by shifting to right to decrease the pressure! All concentrations go up! All rates go up!

We Do We Do Rx Does Shift Volume Pressure Pressure Equation increase decrease increase 3 ⇌ 5 right decrease increase decrease 8 ⇌ 5 right left increase decrease increase 9 ⇌ 3 decrease increase decrease 4 ⇌ 7 left increase decrease increase 0 ⇌ 1 right

We Do We Do Rx Does Shift Volume Pressure Pressure Equation increase decrease increase 6 ⇌ 7 right decrease increase decrease 7 ⇌ 2 right left increase decrease increase 10 ⇌ 8 decrease increase decrease left 40 ⇌ 53 increase decrease increase 6 ⇌ 9 right

7 9 5A(g) + 2B(g) ⇌ 4C(g) + 5D(g) We ⇓ V

7 9 5A(g) + 2B(g) ⇌ 4C(g) + 5D(g) We ⇓ V

7 9 5A(g) + 2B(g) ⇌ 4C(g) + 5D(g) We ⇓ V

7 9 5A(g) + 2B(g) ⇌ 4C(g) + 5D(g) We ⇓ V

7 9 5A(g) + 2B(g) ⇌ 4C(g) + 5D(g) We ⇓ V We ⇑ P 7 9 5A(g) + 2B(g) ⇌ 4C(g) + 5D(g) We ⇓ V We ⇑ P The Reaction opposes ⇓ P Shifts left

6 5 4A(g) + 2B(g) ⇌ 3C(g) + 2D(g) What volume change shifts right? 6 5 4A(g) + 2B(g) ⇌ 3C(g) + 2D(g) What volume change shifts right? We ⇑ P We ⇓ V

4 7 2A(g) + 2B(g) ⇌ 3C(g) + 4D(g) What volume change shifts right? 4 7 2A(g) + 2B(g) ⇌ 3C(g) + 4D(g) What volume change shifts right? We ⇓ P We ⇑ V

4HCl (g) + 2O2 (g) ⇄ 2H2O (l) + 2Cl2 (g) + 98kJ 6 2 Describe the shift in the above equilibrium system for each stress indicated. Describe how [HCl], [O2], and [Cl2] change. Stress Shift [HCl] [O2] [Cl2] ↑ [HCl] → ↑ ↓ ↑ ↓ [O2] ← ↑ ↓ ↓ Add water ― ― ― ― ↑ [Cl2] ← ↑ ↑ ↑ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↑ V ← When the volume increases all concentration go down

The Forward and Reverse Rates and Shifting   Explain in terms of the immediate changes to the forward and reverse rates after each stress why each shift occurs 2CO(g) + O2(g) ⇄ 2CO2(g) + energy 4. Volume is decreased Shift Forward Reverse

The Forward and Reverse Rates and Shifting   Explain in terms of the immediate changes to the forward and reverse rates after each stress why each shift occurs 2CO(g) + O2(g) ⇄ 2CO2(g) + energy 4. Volume is decreased Shift Forward Reverse 3 2 Pressure increases! All concentrations go up! right All rates go up! increases by more increases