North vs. South Union vs. Confederacy The War Between the States The American Civil War North vs. South Union vs. Confederacy The War Between the States

U.S. Differences by 1850 NORTH SOUTH 1. More people More land (plantations w/ slaves)

U.S. Differences by 1850 NORTH SOUTH 2. Big cities (urban) 2. Rural region (the country)

U.S. Differences by 1850 SOUTH NORTH 3. Agriculture 3. Industry (Cotton) 3. Industry

U.S. Differences by 1850 NORTH SOUTH 4. More wealth 4. Small farms (less $$$)

“Slavery is necessary and good.” U.S. Differences by 1850 “Slavery is necessary and good.” NORTH SOUTH Necessary: for economy Good: for slaves 5. Immigrants 5. White planters

Slavery http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQQJDR_rX30 First 3 minutes only

U.S. Differences by 1850 Uncle Tom's Cabin NORTH 6. Abolitionist movement: Uncle Tom's Cabin Harriet Beecher Stowe …the Abolitionist movement grew rapidly! …slavery was the nation’s problem http://www.womenwriters.net/domesticgoddess/stowe1.htm

SECTIONALISM Loyalty or devotion to a part of the nation, or a region, but not the nation as a whole Show America Story of Us: disc 1, “Division” chapter, 7:50-13:00

What is a “civil war?” An internal war fought between groups within the same nation or country

Slave vs. Free As more territories wanted to become states, the problem of who would be free and who would be slave came to everyone’s attention. WHY? If there were more slave states, slave states would have more power in Congress. If there were more free states, free states would have more power in Congress. (Congress is so important because it is the law-making body of the United States.)

The Compromise of 1850 1. Texas received $10 million for the New Mexico territory and its final border, the TEXAS border, was set.

The Compromise of 1850 2. California was admitted as a free state

The Compromise of 1850 3. The Mexican Cession was divided into the territories of New Mexico and Utah: They would decide for themselves whether or not to allow slavery Mexican Cession http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Wpdms_mexican_cession.jpg

The Compromise of 1850 4) The slave trade was banned in Washington D.C.

The Compromise of 1850 5) The Fugitive Slave Law was passed by Congress: people in free states had to help catch and return fugitive (runaway) slaves. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RnWokuQ6kcA http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Slave_kidnap_post_1851_boston.jpg

Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)                                                                                                                                                               Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) A. Proposed by Stephen Douglas 1. Two new territories (Kansas & Nebraska) decide for themselves whether their territory was to be free or slave… This was called popular sovereignty (when the people decide) B. South supported the Act because it could extend slavery

Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) The Schoolhouse in Ripon, Wisconsin where the Republican Party was organized. C. Northerners were divided: 1. Some saw it as useful 2. Some opposed any move to extend slavery a.This anti-slavery group of northerners banded together to form the Republican Party. (Same one that exists today.) Their goal: to keep slavery out of the territories