Nursing Assessment Gastrointestinal System Chapter 39 Nursing Assessment Gastrointestinal System Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Structures and Functions of the Gastrointestinal System

Fig. 39-1

Fig. 39-2

Structures and Functions of the Gastrointestinal System (cont’d) Ingestion and propulsion of food Mouth Pharynx Esophagus

Structures and Functions of the Gastrointestinal System (cont’d) Digestion and absorption Mouth Stomach Small intestine Physiology of digestion

Structures and Functions of the Gastrointestinal System (cont’d) Elimination Large intestine

Fig. 39-3

Structures and Functions of the Gastrointestinal System (cont’d) Liver, biliary tract, and pancreas Liver Biliary tract Bilirubin metabolism Pancreas

Fig. 39-4

Fig. 39-5

Fig. 39-6

Gerontologic Considerations Effects of Aging on the Gastrointestinal System

Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System Subjective data Important health information Past health history Medications Surgery or other treatments

Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System (cont’d) Functional health patterns Health Perception–Health Management Pattern Nutritional-Metabolic Pattern Elimination Pattern Activity-Exercise Pattern Sleep-Rest Pattern Cognitive-Perceptual Pattern Self-Perception–Self-Concept Pattern Role-Relationship Pattern Sexuality-Reproductive Pattern Coping–Stress Tolerance Pattern Value-Belief Pattern

Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System (cont’d) Objective data Physical examination Mouth Inspection Palpation Abdomen Auscultation Percussion Rectum and anus

Fig. 39-7

Fig. 39-8

Fig. 39-9

Diagnostic Studies of the Gastrointestinal System Radiologic studies Upper gastrointestinal series Lower gastrointestinal series Abdominal ultrasound Virtual colonoscopy

Fig. 39-10

Fig. 39-11

Diagnostic Studies of the Gastrointestinal System (cont’d) Endoscopy Liver biopsy Liver function studies

Fig. 39-12

Fig. 39-13