DNA Structure Section 4.6.1.5.

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Presentation transcript:

DNA Structure Section 4.6.1.5

Structure of DNA DNA is a polymer - a very large molecule made from many repeating smaller molecules called monomers. The monomer (small building block) of DNA is called a nucleotide Each nucleotide is made of a deoxyribose sugar molecule, a phosphate group and one of 4 types of base.

There are 4 types of base: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine (but we can just call them A,G,C and T) A and T are complementary (opposite) shapes and bond together C and G are complementary (opposite) shapes and bond together

You will need 10 deoxyribose sugars and 10 phosphates Step 1: Build 2 DNA backbones You will need 10 deoxyribose sugars and 10 phosphates

Add a base (A,C,G or T) to each deoxyribose on one strand Step 2: Add a base (A,C,G or T) to each deoxyribose on one strand You then need to add the opposite base on the other strand and tape the bases together

What does DNA code for? Revision from Year 10:

How does DNA code for amino acids?

GTT on the DNA strand codes for Valine amino acid What does DNA code for? A sequence of three bases is the code for a particular amino acid. The order of bases controls the order in which amino acids are assembled to produce a particular protein A gene is a section of DNA that codes for one protein CAT on the DNA strand codes for Histidine amino acid CAAon the DNA strand codes for Glutamine amino acid

How is the structure of DNA related to its function?

How is the structure of DNA related to its function?