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Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 I CAN Distinguish temperaments, traits, types KNOW the BIG 5 Distinguish Cattell, Eysenick, Mischell Evaluate the Myers-Briggs based on YOUR results Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Temperaments, traits, and types overlap Global dispositions of personality. Doesn’t determine personality, but contributes to it Traits: More specific characteristics of personality, such as ‘cautious’ Types: Clusters of traits Temperaments, traits, and types overlap Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

What Patterns are Found in Personality? Humors Four bodily fluids that, according to ancient theory, control personality by their relative abundance Blood Phlegm Black Bile Yellow Bile Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Patterns in Personality The “Big Five ” Traits OCEAN Openness to experience Conscientiousness Extraversion Agreeableness Neuroticism Each dimension is bipolar..from high to low Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 The Big Five Openness to experience Inquiring intellect, curious….close minded Conscientiousness Dependable, cautious….irresponsible, impulsive Extraversion Self-confident, assertive…introverted Agreeableness Conforming, friendly, warm…..cold, negative Neuroticism Anxious, emotionally unstable.. emotionally stable Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Overview of the Big “5” Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Major Trait Theorists Raymond Cattell- acknowledges 16 personality traits Hans Eysenck- says personality is genetic and there are 2 major traits: neuroticism and extroversion Walter Mischell- Proposed the “person-situation controversy” The situation is more important in determining behavior than knowing a persons traits Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Personality Tests Millon Adolescent Personality Inventory (MAPI) Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent (MMPI-A) NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) Personality Assessment Inventory (PAl) Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Popular personality test using Jungian personality types Shows personal preferences. As these change, your MBTI can change as well Has not proven to be terribly reliable, but is helpful in college, career centers, businesses, relationship counseling Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Critics of the Trait Theory Trait theorists see the personality as fixed and static Particularly loathed by Humanists, who want you to overcome and be your best Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 CAN I? Distinguish temperaments, traits, types KNOW the BIG 5 Distinguish Cattell, Eysenick, Mischell Evaluate the Myers-Briggs based on YOUR results Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

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