Management of Heart Failure in Advancing CKD: Core Curriculum 2018 Andrew A. House  American Journal of Kidney Diseases  Volume 72, Issue 2, Pages 284-295 (August 2018) DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2017.12.006 Copyright © 2018 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Postulated mechanisms underlying the interactions between the heart and kidneys. Arrows indicate pathways by which heart failure may lead to chronic kidney disease and vice versa. The relative importance of these and other mechanisms is not known, and many of these relationships are based on animal models. Abbreviation: GFR, glomerular filtration rate. Reproduced from Szymanski et al (Heart Fail Rev. 2012;17(3):411-420), which is copyright of the authors and was released under a CC BY-NC license by Springer Publishing. American Journal of Kidney Diseases 2018 72, 284-295DOI: (10.1053/j.ajkd.2017.12.006) Copyright © 2018 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Cardiovascular disease in patients with or without chronic kidney disease (CKD) as of December 31, 2011. Point prevalent Medicare enrollees with cardiovascular disease, age 66 and older, with fee-for-service coverage for the entire calendar year. Abbreviations: AMI, acute myocardial infarction; CHF, congestive heart failure; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; TIA, transient ischemic attack. Reproduced from Figure 4.1.i of the US Renal Data System 2013 Annual Data Report: Atlas of Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Renal Disease in the United States (National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 2013). American Journal of Kidney Diseases 2018 72, 284-295DOI: (10.1053/j.ajkd.2017.12.006) Copyright © 2018 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Adjusted hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals of incident heart failure at varying degrees of albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR), along the continuum of estimated glomerular filtration rate based on cystatin C concentration (eGFRcys). eGFR knots at 45, 60, 75, 90, and 105mL/min/1.73m2. Reference group is eGFRcys of 95mL/min/1.73m2 and ACR of 5mg/g. Reproduced from Waheed et al (Am J Kidney Dis. 2012;60(2):207-216) with permission of the National Kidney Foundation, the copyright holder. American Journal of Kidney Diseases 2018 72, 284-295DOI: (10.1053/j.ajkd.2017.12.006) Copyright © 2018 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Unadjusted survival in patients with systolic heart failure, by chronic kidney disease (CKD) status, 2010 to 2011. Point prevalent Medicare patients identified with a heart failure diagnosis in 2009. Abbreviation: Stg, stage of CKD. Reproduced from Figure 4.7.i of the US Renal Data System 2013 Annual Data Report: Atlas of Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Renal Disease in the United States (National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 2013). American Journal of Kidney Diseases 2018 72, 284-295DOI: (10.1053/j.ajkd.2017.12.006) Copyright © 2018 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Terms and Conditions