« The Period of Troubles».

Issues: Boris Godunov’s reign The Period of Troubles: the term and its significance for Russian history Phenomenon of False Dmitries Vasily Shuysky reign Two people's volunteer corpses The New Dynasty at Power and autocracy establishment.

Boris Godunov’s reign (1598-1605) After Ivan IV’s death (18 марта 1584 г.) his third son Feodor Ivanovich came to the throne (1584-1598), married on Irina Feodorovna (Boris’ sister) in1575. From 1585 Boris Godunov ruled de facto. On 15 May 1591 in Uglich died tsarevich (tsars' sons) Dmitry Ivanovich under uncertain circumstance. An investigation was odered to boyarin Vasily Shuysky. The decision stated that Dmitry stabbed himself in the throat during an epileptic seizure.

Boris Godunov’s reign (1598-1605) Continuation of centralization politics With the support on dvoryanstvo Arrangements: “Посадское строение” – townspeople census Tarchan lands abolition (Tarchan land – land under the jurisdiction of the Great Prince with a right not to fulfill the duties ) Manor arable land separation Cadastres making – lands’ inventory Fixed years – search for peasants Famine 1601-1603 гг. 1603 г. Revolt Chlopok Kosolap (peasants revolt)

Period of Troubles Causes: socioeconomic dynastic psychologic In a situation of crisis, psycho-emotional stress increases, which finds its exit into the following: alcohol consumption, sexual activity increase and aggression. During the crisis human feels, that there is no possibility to change anything by himself, which reinforced the belief in mysterious power.

False Dmitry Yury (Gregory) Otrepyev. 1604 False Dmitry came in the southern outlying districts of the country with the support of polish troops. On 21 January 1605 near the village Dobrynichi False Dmitry army was defeated by prince F. Mstislavky. 13 April 1605 Boris Godunov died. On 1 June 1605 Moscow inhabitants pledged allegiance to False Dmitry. On 17 May 1606 rebel in Moscow

Vasily Shuysky reign (1606-1610) 1606-1607 peasants’ rebel headed by Ivan Bolotnikov 1607 False Dmitry II was spoken to appear in Starodub. 1608 False Dmitry II army came to Moscow. He made his headquarters in Tushino ( «Тушинский вор»). On 28 February 1609 Vyborg treaty (Jacob Pontusson De la Gardie ) Fall 1609 begining of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth ( Recz Pospolita) intervention. Smolensk siege. On 4 July 1610 Battle of Klushino – Russian-Swedish army defeat by polish troops, headed by Stanisław Żółkiewski On 17 July 1610 dvoryans rebel and Shuysky overthrow.

Rule of the Seven Boyars Reign of 7 boyars (I. M. Vorotynsky, A.V. trubeckoy, A.V. Golicyn, B.M. Lykov-Obolensky, I.N. Romanov, F.I. Sherevetev ) headed by F. Mstislavsky Calling of Władysław (IV Vasa) to the Russian throne under condition of his conversion to the Orthodoxy

Two people's volunteer corpses The First began the campaign in March 1611, headed by Prokopy Lyapunov The Second began the campaign in March 1612, head by prince D.M. Pozharsky, under initiative of the elderman (starosta) Kuzma Minin

The New Dynasty at Power January 1613 Zemsky sobor On 21 February 1613 Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov election for the throne.

Autocracy establishment New dynasty relied on dvoryanstvo and came to the throne due to it. Status of great part of middle dvoryanstvo pomesties was changed for votchina. 1613 г. Voivodes (governor of province) were appointed in 33 towns, which meant abolishing of local self-government policy.

Autocracy establishment Representative monarchy fortune 1549 the first Zemsky Sobor (Ivan IV) 1613-1619 Zemsky sobor worked as consultative body. 1653 the last Zemsky Sobor on Ukraine joining

Autocracy establishment Boyarskay Duma was enlarged with Duma’s dvoryane and Duma’s Dyaks (chief clerk) from 35 up to 94 people (end of XVII) – Bureaucracy forming Increase of the number of prikazes. Several prikazes headed by a single person (for example, by boyarin I. Cherkassky, F. Shermet’ev) From 1625 in the tsar title a word «самодержец» (autocrat) appeared