Warm Up Why was the Battle of Midway a turning point in the Pacific?

Students will explain the role of the home front in contributing to WWII.

The Home Front and Japanese Internment WWII- Pt 5 The Home Front and Japanese Internment

The Home Front Home front- activity carried out to support the war effort back in the US

The Home Front Things we did to help out the war effort on the home front: Rationing – items were rationed b/c the military needed them (rubber, nylon, gasoline, food) Ration- Limited quantities only at certain times Sold for specific prices so no price gouging

The Home Front Grew “Victory Gardens” for fresh produce- grow your own food so more can go to the troops and help us win

War Bonds –help pay for the war; encouraged to buy (like during WWI) Government sells to people, use money to pay for war; people sell back to gov later to get money plus interest back $186 billion was raised from bonds Volunteering popular to help war effort

Growing Victory gardens Home front activities Rationing Buying war bonds Growing Victory gardens Volunteering

In what ways did ordinary Americans contribute to the war effort?

FDR on the Home Front FDR created offices and laws that helped US quickly get ready for war Selective Training and Service Act –first peacetime draft; for men 21 to 36 Office of War Mobilization – handled war production- weapons, tanks, ships, planes

FDR on the Home Front Office of Price Management –prevent inflation and controlled certain goods- oversaw rationing programs

FDR on the Home Front FDR used deficit spending (spending money you don’t have) to pay for war

Mobilization and Military Enlistment Mobilization – getting ready for war in terms of military preparation We started mobilizing before we were in the war- started making weapons, drafting and training soldiers- created a lot of jobs War economy ended the Great Depression Production of ships, tanks, aircrafts, etc. created millions of jobs Unemployment dropped to 1% 16 million Americans served in armed forces 11 mill drafted 25,k Native Americans; 300,k Mexican Americans; 1 mil African American; 350,k women

End of the Great Depression Mobilization War economy More jobs End of the Great Depression

What economic effects did World War II have on the American home front?

OWI Office of War Information (OWI) handled war information Released war-related news Used propaganda posters and radio broadcasts to promote patriotism Warned about foreign spies Recruited women into war work Also did overseas propaganda

GI Bill The GI Bill- Law that paid to send former soldiers to college Official Name- Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944 GI = Government issued; Slang for soldier- like GI Joe Passed it to avoid an economic downturn after WWII Didn’t want high unemployment when all the soldiers came home Paid for over 8 mill WWII veterans to go to school Also gave $16 billion in loans to veterans For homes, farms, or small businesses

Loan for a farm or business GI Bill for Veterans Pay for college Loans to buy a home Loan for a farm or business

Scientific Advances Charles R. Drew – African- American doctor Research in blood transfusions Led to blood banks and blood storage Saved thousands of lives during WWII

US Propaganda

Japanese Internment

Japanese Internment Executive Order 9066- Law signed by Roosevelt after Pearl Harbor that sent Japanese -Americans on the west coast to concentration camps or internment camps Also included German and Italians But fewer of them were interned

Japanese Internment Thought Jap-Am were national security threats- might help Japan against the US 1000s of families were forced to leave homes, businesses and property; relocated into camps Asked loyalty questions; if deemed loyal they could leave Japanese were told it was for their own safety

Do you think that it is legal to restrict citizens/residents for national security even if they haven’t done anything wrong? Why or why not?

Challenges Legal challenges to internment heard by the Supreme Court Court ruled (Korematsu v. U.S) that internment was constitutional Official apology offered by U.S. government (1988) to survivors of the camps because it violated the 4th (houses were searched) and 14th amendments (citizens’ rights can’t be taken away) Reparation payments were made Also included German and Italians, but fewer of them were interned

STAAR Practice The government issued ration books during WWII in order to provide financial security for uninsured citizens safeguard the profits of struggling businesses ensure the fair distribution of scarce goods allow consumers to buy imported goods at discounted rates

STAAR Practice The government issued ration books during WWII in order to provide financial security for uninsured citizens safeguard the profits of struggling businesses ensure the fair distribution of scarce goods allow consumers to buy imported goods at discounted rates

Big Idea In what ways did the home front help with the war effort? (Give at least 3 things)

WWII Vocab Write a letter TO a soldier fighting in WWII using the following vocab words. Make sure the meaning of the word is implied in the sentence. Underline/highlight each word that you use: Home front Mobilization/ Mobilize/ Mobilizing Rations/Rationing Victory gardens War Bonds OWI GI Bill Internment camps