Active Transport.

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Presentation transcript:

Active Transport

Active Transport Requires energy in the form of ATP (useful cellular energy) movement against the concentration gradient

2 methods of Active Transport Pumps Change in the cell membrane

Active Transport Pumps: Requires a protein channel called a “pump” Requires ATP Movement from low concentration to high concentration moving up the hill hi concentration low concentration Works in the opposite direction of facilitated diffusion.

Active transport pump Energy (by way of ATP) forces materials through a protein in the membrane against concentration gradient.

Why Pump? Nerve cells need a difference in ions (charge) on either side of the membrane so they can fire.

Change in cell membrane (2nd type of active transport process) Endocytosis Takes in (engulfs) large material Cell membrane moves in until it encapsulates material, becoming a vesicle.

Endocytosis: (IN) Two types: Phagocytosis Pinocytosis

Phagocytosis: “Cell Eating” Pseudopods engulf material with extensions of the cell membrane. Ex. White blood cell taking in foreign material for destruction.

Phagocytosis:

Pinocytosis: “Cell Drinking” Membrane wraps around a big drop of solution (solute & solvent) and pulls it in.

Pinocytosis:

Change in cell membrane (2nd type of active transport process) Endocytosis Takes in (engulfs) large material Cell membrane moves in until it encapsulates material, becoming a vesicle. Exocytosis Vesicle that gets rid of large material

Exocytosis: (OUT) Vesicle fuses with cell membrane, releasing contents to outside of cell. ex. Waste ex. Digestive enzymes

Exocytosis: (OUT) RNA Rough ER Golgi apparatus Protein in vesicle Plasma membrane

Figure 7.14 The formation and functions of lysosomes (Layer 1)

Figure 7.14 The formation and functions of lysosomes (Layer 2)

Figure 7.14 The formation and functions of lysosomes (Layer 3)