The Music of George Frederic Handel

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Presentation transcript:

The Music of George Frederic Handel Hallelujah! The Music of George Frederic Handel

I. Some Surprising Facts About Handel A. 1st composer whose music has been performed continuously. Why? H. actively tried to write music with wide popular appeal. B. Some works just rehash earlier compositions. C. “Borrowed” melodies from other composers

D. Musical Values: write music that “sells”; don’t worry about being original; cover, even steal other people’s work.

Music Embeds Cultural Values: My values?

II. Handel’s Biography: An Aural Tour

Bach’s Travels Handel’s Travels Handel = Cosmopolitan

II. Handel’s Biography: An Aural Tour A. Halle, Hamburg, and Handel’s German Legacy 1. Born: Halle, 1685 2. 17th, 18th cent. = development of distinct national styles 3. German Traits: Counterpoint, Imitation

4. Dieterich Buxtehude, Organist at Lübeck

?

Buxtehude Fugue Theme Handel Fugue Theme

II. Handel’s Biography: An Aural Tour A. Halle, Hamburg, and Handel’s German Legacy B. Italy and the Allure of Opera (1706) meets Corelli, A. Scarlatti 2. Tuneful, singable melody: 3. Vocal virtuosity: 4. Forms: recitative and da capo (ABA) ”exit” aria e.g. “Rejoice Greatly”

II. Handel’s Biography: An Aural Tour A. Halle, Hamburg, and Handel’s German Legacy B. Italy and the Allure of Opera C. England French Influences: esp. French Overture (Lully) operatic curtain raiser in 2 sections slow or moderate tempo + “pickup note” rhythms faster section beginning w/ fugue-like imitation 2. The English Choral Tradition

G. F. Handel

II. Handel’s Biography: An Aural Tour A. Halle, Hamburg, and Handel’s German Legacy B. Italy and the Allure of Opera C. England 1. French Influences 2. The English Choral Tradition 3. From Opera to Oratorio

III. Oratorio A. Defined: ≅ “unstaged drama on religious subject” 1. Plot, dialogue, characters, action (like opera) 2. Not Staged 3. Adds Choruses to Recitative and Aria 4. Plots usually Biblical (e.g., “Messiah”) B. Late Baroque Recitative and Aria 1. Recitativo secco (semplice) 2. Recitativo accompagnato 3. Aria C. Why Oratorio? 1. No costumes; scenery 2. English = vernacular + no expensive Italian singers 3. Stories familiar (and not morally suspect)

IV. Bach vs. Handel Bach = Learned Intellectual, Extraordinary Craftsman B. Handel = Populist Showman, Dramatist

V. Handel, the Dramatist in Action: “The Flocks Shall Leave Their Mountain” from Acis and Galetea 7. The flocks shall leave their mountains, 6. The woods their turtle dove, 7. The nymphs forsake the fountains 6. 'ere I forsake my love. Techniques: Walking bass, Imitation Dialogue Duet Love Duet in Counterpoint with Rage Aria Torture! Fury! Rage! Despair, I cannot bear!

VI. (With Thanks to Handel) Three Ways to Think About Music: A. Abstract Patterns in Sound B. Offers a Unique Aesthetic Experience C. Embeds Cultural Values