Multimedia in Education

Definitions “use of several media to present information” Ivers & Baron (1998) “use of several media to present information” Gayeski (1993) defines computer based multimedia as; “…a class of computer-driven interactive communications systems which create, store, transmit and retrieve textual, graphical and auditory networks of information.”

Multimedia Courseware “…educational software which integrates materials, information and activities in the form of text, animation, graphics and sound... Within a cohesive unit of study and which incorporates:

Multimedia Courseware Resource materials for student and teacher use Learning and assessment activities for students Assessment, profiling and reporting capacity Teacher development activities, including model lessons and outlines for teacher use…” Curriculum Corp. (1995)

What is interactive? Curriculum Corp state, to be truly interactive, multimedia applications should; Enable students to make their way through the learning materials by taking either predetermined or individual pathways Elicit responses in a variety of ways, in order to ascertain student’s understanding, level of proficiency, or rate of progress Provide feedback on performance and facilite diagnosis and remediation Facilitate linkages between the courseware and other materials

Why use multimedia? Encourage collaborative learning – students work in groups, express their knowledge in multiple ways, solve problems, revise their own work and construct knowledge Constructivist principles

Constructivism Brook & Brook (1993) Constructivist teachers are those who; Encourage and accept student autonomy and initiative Use raw data and primary sources along with manipulative, interactive and physical materials Use cognitive terminology such as; classify, analyze, predict and create

Constructivism Allow student responses to drive lessons, shift instructional strategies and alter content Inquire about students’ understanding of concepts before sharing their own understandings of those concepts Encourage students to engage in conversations with the teacher and with each other Encourage student inquiry by asking thoughtful, open-ended questions and encouraging students to ask questions of each other Seek elaboration of students’ initial responses Engage students in experiences that might create contradictions to their initial hypotheses and then encourage discussion Allow wait time after posing questions Provide time for students to construct relationships and create metaphors Nurture students’ natural curiosity through frequent use of the learning cycle model

Learning Cycle Model Discovery Concept Application Concept Introduction

CSF II Technology Investigate Evaluate Design Produce

Issues to consider Target audience Project requirements Background Age Experience Project requirements Clearly stated goals & instructional objectives Project components Number of screens Graphics Media files

Methods for development Flow charting Linear Tree Cluster Star

Linear

Tree

Cluster

Star

Flowchart Symbols

Florida Flowchart

Medussa’s Market

Planning and Producing Develop aims and objectives Flowchart your project Develop a storyboard Decide on media and graphics Write content and instructional design Produce Test Improve