Changes to the Earth's Surface

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Changes to the Earth’s Surface

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Presentation transcript:

Changes to the Earth's Surface GEOLOGY Changes to the Earth's Surface SOL 5.7 K. Benzie CSES

Changes to the Earth's Surface Forces are constantly changing landforms. Some of the forces that change landforms are: 1. flowing water, such as rivers and ocean waves 2. wind 3. ice and glaciers 4. force of gravity Weathering is the process of breaking rock into silt, sand, clay, and other tiny pieces called sediments.

Physical Weathering Weathering can be from the physical breaking up of the earth's surface. Examples of physical weathering are: 1. when water freezes in cracks and then thaws 2. from water; either rain, flowing water as in rivers and streams, or from ocean waters pounding against the shore 3. when people farm or build roads, etc. 4. when wind blows dirt and sand against rocks

Chemical Weathering Chemical weathering changes the minerals that make up rock. For example, water and oxygen cause rust to form on certain minerals in rocks, causing the rocks to crumble. Pollutants in the air can create acid rain which erodes. Rain mixes with carbon dioxide to form an acid which creates caves.

Biological Weathering Biological weathering is changes caused by living things: 1. when roots of plants break up the earth 2. when animals, such as earthworms and prairie dogs, build tunnels

Weathering Let's review: Weathering is constantly changing the landforms around us. Weathering is caused by water, wind, ice, gravity, and changes in temperature. There are three types of weathering: physical, chemical and biological.

Weathering Don't confuse weathering with erosion! Weathering breaks up the Earth's surface into small pieces called sediment. Erosion is the process of moving sediments from one place to another. Deposition is the process of dropping, or depositing, sediments in new locations. Weathering Erosion Deposition Wind, water, gravity, and humans are all causes of erosion.