AIM: How do farming practices vary around the world? Do Now: Copy the Vocabulary Sustainable agriculture integrates three main goals: environmental stewardship, farm profitability, and prosperous farming communities. Farmers who own work in sustainable agriculture try to limit their carbon footprint, recycle crop waste, and sell their crop at local markets.

Awesome Vocabulary Acre: An acre is a measurement of land. One acre comprises 4,840 square yards or 43,560 square feet. A square that is 208 feet and 9 inches long on each side could surround an acre. There are 640 acres in each square mile

How different would life in the USA have been if 40 acres and a mule had happened?

40 acres and a mule All freed slaves were supposed to receive 40 acres and a mule after the Civil War as a way to get a “leg up” on starting a life as a free person. How many soccer fields would that equal?

Geographers look at Agriculture in different ways Subsistence or commercial – (most important differentiation) Nomadic or sedentary Diversified or specialized Extensive or intensive This is how Professor Glasgow viewed agriculture.

Awesome Vocabulary Hectare: a hectare is a metric area measurement. It is 100 meters (109.36 yards) by 100 meters.

When and where did agriculture originate?

The Neolithic Revolution 10,000-6,000 years ago The earliest hearth was the Fertile Crescent in Southwest Asia.

Types of Cultivation Vegetative Planting – cutting, cloning and dividing roots (As an aside the apples we eat are from two trees. There is the tree that provides the root system and the trunk. The branches from which the fruit is obtained are from cuttings from other trees. The fruit thus born comes from two trees. Why? Fruit from trees grown from seeds are not very palatable. The combining of the fruit from two trees makes them worth eating.)

How grafting works

Wild Banana vs. Edible Banana

Question Agricultural Hearths. The first vegetative plantings were probably from SE Asia. Why? “The practice originated primarily in Southeast Asia according to Carl Sauer. Two other early centers of vegetative planting were in West Africa and in northwestern South America. From these hearths, the practice diffused to other regions.”

Explanation Primary food was via fishing which allows for a more sedentary lifestyle.

Seed agriculture. First seed agriculture probably had 3 hearths, Western India, north China & Ethiopia. “That agriculture had multiple origins means that, from earliest times, people have produced food in distinctive ways in different regions. This diversity derives from a unique legacy of wild plants, climatic conditions, and multiple preferences in each region.”

Classifying Agricultural Regions There are fundamental differences between agriculture in LDCs, where production is fundamentally for their own consumption, with MDCs, where much of the produce is sold. % of Farmers in Work Force: LDC’s c. 50% while MDC’s <10%. Differences in the use of machinery Differences in Farm Size

How do agricultural regions originate? The crop chosen is a result of a variety of factors: environmental, practical and psychological. Every region is unique and has its own reasons for their existence of their crops. The process of developing into recognizable regions are however similar.

How are animals domesticated?