Complete the self review for crime Ideas for targets Make revision tool for a weak area Copy up notes from a missed lesson Try exam questions online Attend a revision session Start making revision notes

Half term homework Create revision cards for crime and deviance using the revision handout

Mass Media Sociology

Learning objectives You will be able to: Identify different types of media Distinguish between traditional and new media Identify different types of newspapers Explain the differences between different types of newspapers

What is the media?

What is the mass media? Definition: a means of public communication reaching a large audience. There are two main types of mass media: Traditional New or digital media Move around the room and write down the names of the new media images and the traditional media images

Traditional media New media

Traditional media New media Newspapers Books Magazines TV Radio Cinema Internet Mobile phones Digital radio Cable and satellite TV DVDs Video games

Mass Media List all the types of media you experienced yesterday? How did it reach you? How much time did you spend on it?

Newspapers

Traditionally, newspapers used to be divided into three groups Traditionally, newspapers used to be divided into three groups. These were: Quality broadsheets such as The Guardian, the Daily Telegraph and the Times. Middle-market tabloids such as the Daily Mail and Daily Express. Mass-market tabloids or ‘red tops’ such as the Sun and the Mirror.

Content Analysis of Newspapers: in pairs count up the number of stories devoted to each category Stories focused on 1. 2. 3. Sport UK stories World stories Gossip or popular culture (TV, film etc) Adverts Business or economy Other Extension: which stories have more weighting e.g. which is on the front page? Which stories take up the most space?

Class feedback Stories focused on 1. 2. 3. Sport UK stories World stories Gossip or popular culture (TV, film etc) Adverts Business or economy Other Extension: which stories have more weighting e.g. which is on the front page? Which stories take up the most space?

Comparison of newspapers Write a conclusion based on the classes findings Sentence starter: Tabloids such as The Sun mainly contain stories about…

Lesson 2: Media ownership Learning objectives Understand what is meant by the term “media tycoon” Explain the phone hacking scandal

Starter Who is this man? Rupert Murdoch is a media mogul or tycoon. He is the founder of News International/ News Corp. They hold 33.6% market share of newspapers.

Video questions Write down the answers What is phone hacking? Why did workers at the News of the World hack phones? Why did the police not follow the leads in 2006? Why didn’t politicians do more to stop this practice? Extension: Murdoch owns many newspapers, TV channels, magazines etc. What role did his media power have in the phone hacking scandal? (HINT: fox news) Does have Murdoch have too much power?

The power of the newspapers https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dZV8LGnn GgU

Once worked for the David Cameron Andy Coulson Editor Once worked for the David Cameron Rebecca Brooks Former chief executive http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-14187122 Rupert Mudoch Chief executive of news international

The phone hacking scandal timeline (do not copy!) November 2005 - News of the World (NoW) prints a story about Britain's Prince William injuring his knee, prompting royal officials to complain to police about probable voicemail hacking. September 2010 - Former NoW journalist Sean Hoare alleges that phone hacking was a common practice at the paper and encouraged by Coulson. January 21, 2011 - Coulson resigns as Cameron's spokesman because of coverage of the phone- hacking scandal. April 10, 2011 - News of the World officially apologizes for hacking into voicemails from 2004 to 2006 and sets up a compensation system for unnamed victims. July 4, 2011 - It is reported that News of the World journalists possibly hacked into then-missing teenager Milly Dowler's voicemailand deleted messages to free space, causing her parents to believe she was still alive. July 7, 2011 - News International announces that the July 10 edition of News of the World will be the paper's last. July 14, 2011 - The FBI launches an investigation into allegations that News Corp. employees or associates hacked into the phones of 9/11 victims, a federal source says. November 14, 2011 - The Leveson Inquiry into journalistic ethics opens in London. April 26, 2012 - Rupert Murdoch admits at the Leveson inquiry that there had been a "cover- up" of phone hacking at his flagship British tabloid newspaper and apologized for not paying more attention to the scandal. October 28, 2013 - The trial of Rebekah Brooks, Andy Coulson and former NoW managing editor Stuart Kuttner begins at the Old Bailey in central London. All are accused of conspiring between October 2000 and August 2006 "to intercept communications in the course of their transmission, without lawful authority." They deny the charges. December 19, 2013 - News of the World hacked Kate Middleton's phone while she was dating Prince William, a prosecutor tells the court. June 24, 2014 - Andy Coulson is found guilty at the Old Bailey of conspiracy to hack phones. The jury is still considering additional charges against him and former royal editor Clive Goodman of conspiring to commit misconduct in a public office. Rebekah Brooks and the other defendants are cleared of all charges.

Critics argue that press barons (such as Murdoch) could abuse their power by: Promoting their own political beliefs Criticize politicians, political parties and other individuals they disagree with Plenary: write a summary of the phone hacking scandal (especially the happenings since the documentary e.g. 2010 onwards.) Extension: what is your view on the scandal?

Lesson 3: Views on media power Learning objectives: Identify different views (conflict/pluralist) Describe these views

Some key concepts – match with their meanings. A licence fee is paid to the Government, a proportion of which is used to fund this type of media. Public ownership Monopoly Pluralism Marxism Elite Private ownership A licence fee is paid to the Government, a proportion of which is used to fund this type of media. A licence fee is paid to the Government, a proportion of which is used to fund this type of media. Media that is owned by companies. A privileged group of people who hold a superior position in society. A theory which says that a group of rich and powerful citizens run the country to benefit their own needs and those of other privileged citizens. A situation where one company dominates the market with their product.

In your assessment books Complete any student responses left to complete following action targets. Complete the following question: explain what is meant by the mass media (4 marks) Hint: remember to give a definition, example and develop your answer (perhaps identifying different types of mass media) Extension: Describe one type of newspaper and explain how it is different from another type of newspaper (5 marks)

Title: Pluralism and Conflict theories

Two views Pluralist believer that there are lots of media sources and this allows for consumer choice. The consumer holds the power. Conflict theorists (Marxists and Feminists) argue some groups have more power than others in the media. The owners hold the power. Task: move around the room and make a note of the statements in a table to demonstrate if this information is from a pluralist or conflict view.

https://www.youtube.com/w atch?v=Wd_pU80mGXk Pluralist (lots of media sources allow for consumer choice) Conflict (some groups have more power than others in the media) https://www.youtube.com/w atch?v=Wd_pU80mGXk

In Britain, who owns the media? British Broadcasting Corporation is publicly funded. The Government receives money from licence fee payers; a proportion of which goes to the BBC. Who owns the BBC? Public ownership You are required to pay a TV licence fee if you own and use a television. The BBC receives £3.56bn a year from this.

How the BBC Spend their £3.56bn each year (2009-2010 data)

PLURALISM Private ownership Global Murdoch empire

How do these companies make their money? Example – Procter and Gamble sell the products pictured below. They contributed £1.3m pounds towards the NOW up to May 2011. In what way could this effect the newspaper’s content?

Monopoly Pluralism PLURALISM VS MONOPOLY Q. Why is it important that media is owned by many companies, rather than just one? Monopoly Pluralism

Does Pluralism exist? Marxist’s say no!! Why? Owners of the media are members of the elite. They are all upper middle class and operate to protect their interests. They also share similar views about society and use their media outlets, newspapers, to push their agenda.

Exam practice questions. Explain what sociologists mean by pluralism in mass media (4 marks) Explain what sociologists mean by monopoly in mass media (4 marks).

The wealthy are in a strong position to put across their own views as they own a large proportion of the media. Most senior editors, selecting stories are middle class.

A few companies now own a large proportion of the media as media giants take over small groups. E.g. Mirror Trinity own 5 national newspapers, 150 regional newspapers and 200 websites. This view believes this allows barons such as Murdoch with too much power (e.g. phone hacking)

This view argues that the owners of newspapers are part of a powerful and wealthy group

If people are unhappy with a papers content they will no longer buy it If people are unhappy with a papers content they will no longer buy it. There are lots of choices of newspapers to choose from.

The media audience control the content of the press not corporations like News International as they can choose which papers to buy.

There are a range of publications and so everyone’s views are catered for.

Newspapers give people what they want to read e. g Newspapers give people what they want to read e.g. The Sun has very little international news because its readers do not want it

Feminists argue that those with power in the media are often men and so can choose to paint a particular image of women (e.g. sexualising women, page 3 etc)

Daily mail song https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5eBT6OSr 1TI

Plenary http://www.toolsforeducators.com/crossword/getCrossword.php?to=1&hints%5B %5D=Communicating+to+a+wide+audience+%284%2C5%29&texts%5B%5D=Mass +media&hints%5B%5D=A+type+of+new+media&texts%5B%5D=Internet&hints%5B %5D=A+type+of+traditional+media&texts%5B%5D=Newspapers&hints%5B%5D=A +tabloid+%283%2C3%29&texts%5B%5D=The+Sun&hints%5B%5D=A+middle+mark et+paper+%283%2C5%2C4%29&texts%5B%5D=The+Daily+Mail&hints%5B%5D=A+ broadsheet+%283%2C5%29&texts%5B%5D=The+Times&hints%5B%5D=The+owner +of+News+International&texts%5B%5D=Murdoch&hints%5B%5D=Newspaper%2C+ shut+down+due+to+phone+hacking+%283%2C4%2C2%2C3%2C5%2C%29&texts% 5B%5D=The+News+of+the+world&hints%5B%5D=The+view+that+papers+repres ent+the+views+of+the+public&texts%5B%5D=Pluralist&hints%5B%5D=The+view+ that+papers+represent+the+views+of+the+newspaper+owners&texts%5B%5D=C onflict&hints%5B%5D=Feminists+argue+that+this+demonstrates+patriarchy+with in+the+media+%284%2C5%29&texts%5B%5D=Page+three&hints%5B%5D=Traditio nally+this+would+be+terrestrial%2C+but+now+it+is+digital&texts%5B%5D=Tele vision&hints%5B%5D=&texts%5B%5D=&hints%5B%5D=+&texts%5B%5D=&hints%5B %5D=&texts%5B%5D=&hints%5B%5D=&texts%5B%5D=&hints%5B%5D=&texts%5B% 5D=&hints%5B%5D=&texts%5B%5D=&hints%5B%5D=&texts%5B%5D=&hints%5B%5 D=&texts%5B%5D=&fontName=georgia&fontSize=11 First to complete correctly wins an achievement point!