How will rising CO2 affect vegetation in the Sahel?

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

What is Climate? An area’s long term pattern of weather

Advertisements

An atmosphere-ocean coupled regional climate model for the Mediterranean Alberto Elizalde Daniela Jacob Uwe Mikolajewicz Max Planck Institute for Meterology.

Effects of Documented Land Use Change on Climate in Hungary

Essential Question: What is the water cycle and how does it influence living things? Warm-up: How does the majority of water get into the atmosphere?

 GLOBAL WARMING is the increase of the Earth’s average surface temperature due to a build-up of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.  CLIMATE CHANGE.

El Niño. How do ocean currents affect weather and climate? Oceans store and transport heat. – High heat capacity – Stores and transports energy from the.

Evaporation: water changes from a liquid state to a gaseous state Transpiration: water exits the leaves of a plant and evaporates into the air Condensation:

CLIMATE AND WEATHER WHAT MAKES A HOT DAY? HOW CAN YOU PREDICT WHAT THE WEATHER IS GOING TO BE LIKE TOMORROW? WHAT DO YOU DO TO BE COMFORTABLE ON A HOT.

"Climate Change - a global pressing issue” A.K.M. Saiful Islam Associate Professor Institute of Water and Flood Management (IWFM) Bangladesh University.

Anthropocene Introduction to Meteorology, spring 2011 Observations –Trace gases –Temperature, land and ocean –Precipitation –Sea level Attribution Models.

Modern Global Climate Change by Thomas R. Karl and Kevin E. Trenberth Summary: Ken Hu Critique: Roy Chen.

Climate and Food Security Thank you to the Yaqui Valley and Indonesian Food Security Teams at Stanford 1.Seasonal Climate Forecasts 2.Natural cycles of.

Indicators and Effects of Climate Change 1. Global warming Increase in average global temperatures of the atmosphere and oceans over the past 100 years.

Simulation of climate change impact on weeds distribution. Studying the case of wild oat in Greece. D.S. Voloudakis, V.E. Kotoulas, I.S. Travlos, G.K.

Weathering The process by which materials on or near the Earth’s surface break down and change.

Weather. Climate Average weather conditions over time.

Supplementary information to chapter 5.8: Modelling the end of an interglacial (MIS 1, 5, 7, 9, 11) Claudia Kubatzki*, Martin Claussen**, Reinhard Calov,

By S. Wiernusz. The definition of climate is: the composite or generally prevailing weather conditions of a region, as temperature, air pressure, humidity,

21.3 Climate Change. Natural Processes That Change Climate Volcanic eruptions The presence of volcanic ash, dust, & aerosols in the air increases the.

Water Cycle Chapter 15. Movement of Water on Earth  Water Cycle: the continuous movement of water between the atmosphere, the land, and the oceans 

The Water Cycle By Nick Williams and Sam Beck. Remembering The Water cycle is how all the water on the planet moves around the hydrosphere. This is in.

Water in the Air  When water drops form on a cold glass, the water comes from the air around the glass.  Water vapor is water in the form of a gas. 

Climate: Factors That Affect Precipitation Objective: Explain what affects precipitation and its role in climate.

RAINFALL. Rainfall refers to the amount of rain that an area receives over a period of time Rainfall is necessary to provide us with our supply of water.

Material Cycles Ecosystem recycling.

What’s the difference? Climate? Weather? Hot Cold Wet Dry Wind

 Climate – a region’s weather conditions average over thousands of years  Includes temperature and moisture averages.

1 Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research Vegetation dynamics in simulations of radiatively-forced climate change Richard A. Betts, Chris D.

Modelling the climate system and climate change PRECIS Workshop Tanzania Meteorological Agency, 29 th June – 3 rd July 2015.

Meteorology – Storm Events. Knowledge of Precipitation Amounts and Patterns Plan drainage structures –Size temporary culverts to handle storm events during.

Contribution of MPI to CLIMARES Erich Roeckner, Dirk Notz Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg.

I. I.Climate Change – Greenhouse Gases A. A.Background Greenhouse Effect Gases absorb heat (not light) Natural Greenhouse Effect Mean planetary temperature.

The Water Cycle.

Climate and Vegetation

By: Shelby, Roman, and Loryn.  A. Climate variables  B. Elements controlling the greenhouse effect  C. Energy sources  D. Precipitation levels  E.

Soil Soil is a mixture of weathered rock, organic matter, water, and air that is capable of supporting plant life.

Template by Bill Arcuri, WCSD Click Once to Begin JEOPARDY! Weather and Climate.

The Water Cycle. Water gets recycled over and over again Image courtesy of US Environmental Protection Agency.

Chapter 16 Global Climate Change. 1. Weather = state of the atmosphere at a particular place at a particular moment. 2. Climate is the long-term weather.

Desert Bobby Smith, Daniel Perez, Russell Bradley, Chris Nelson.

Effects on Climate. Cover  Title: Effects on Climate  Color  Add a picture.

Factors that Affect Climate What is Climate? Weather conditions of an area including any variations from the norm. Exchange of energy and moisture.

Mahmud S. Class 9B 4/23/2011 How are human actions contributing to global warming???

The Water Cycle.

Seasonal Arctic heat budget in CMIP5 models

Massachusetts Bay Physical Processes 2011 compared to 2012

Learning Objective To explain the climate of the rainforest

Chia Fuk Jing & Mubasher Hussain Hydro Department July 03, 2017

Aim: How is Earth’s supply of water being continuously recycled?

The Water Cycle.

Impact of climate change on water cycle: trends and challenges

The Arctic Ocean in CMIP5 Simulations

Climate and Vegetation

Environmental Science October 8, 2008

What about clouds?.

The Water Cycle

Erosion Virtual Lab Predictions (right side)

Climate local weather conditions of an area like temperature, precipitation, humidity, sunshine, wind and other conditions.

Unit 3: Life Supports SUMMARY Vegetation & Climate Composition of soil

Water Cycle Precipitation Condensation Evaporation Transpiration

The Water Cycle.

What type of Weather do pressure systems bring?

Temperature Affects rate of plant processes

Colonies A very large part of starting a new colony would be to understand the agriculture and climate of the new land or territory.

WARM UP 10/10/14.

Chapter 10, Lesson 4 Water Vapor and Humidity

Name __________________________

States of water (review) (section 10.1)

Warm up Day 1: You will need your INB, 2 different colors, scissors, tape & computer. Rising sea levels are caused by primarily 2 factors: Thermal expansion.

Presentation transcript:

How will rising CO2 affect vegetation in the Sahel? Sebastian Bathiany, Martin Claussen, Victor Brovkin Max Planck Institute for Meteorology

Petit-Maire, 1990: Sahel

Plants need food and water CO2 (physiological)

Plants need food and water CO2 (physiological) Climate (most important: rainfall)

Model description MPI-ESM-LR HadGEM2-ES MIROC-ESM

21st century Change in vegetation cover fraction (abs. %)

21st century Change in vegetation cover fraction (abs. %)

21st century 22-23rd century Change in vegetation cover fraction (abs. %)

Separation of effects Radphys Rad Phys Experiment Plants see climate change Plants see CO2 change Radphys Rad Phys

Separation of effects Radphys Rad Phys Change in vegetation cover fraction (abs. %)

Separation of effects Radphys Rad Phys Change in vegetation cover fraction (abs. %)

Separation of effects Radphys Rad Phys Change in vegetation cover fraction (abs. %)

Plants need food and water CO2 (physiological) Climate (most important: precipitation)

Darker surface warms…

but transpiration cools…

vegFrac [abs %]

vegFrac [abs %]

Summary Vegetation cover change in the Sahel depends on the time horizon. Reasons for vegetation cover change are different in each model. Uncertain effects oppose each other. In the Sahel, vegetation expansion could cool. High resolution is necessary.