Immediate Effects of a New Microprocessor-Controlled Prosthetic Knee Joint: A Comparative Biomechanical Evaluation Malte Bellmann, Dipl-Ing, Thomas Schmalz,

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Immediate Effects of a New Microprocessor-Controlled Prosthetic Knee Joint: A Comparative Biomechanical Evaluation Malte Bellmann, Dipl-Ing, Thomas Schmalz, PhD, Eva Ludwigs, Dipl-Ing, Siegmar Blumentritt, PhD Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 93, Issue 3, Pages 541-549 (March 2012) DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2011.10.017 Copyright © 2012 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Measurement setup for tests on standing and swaying on a ramp with 10° decline. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2012 93, 541-549DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2011.10.017) Copyright © 2012 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Mean total distance of COP during standing on a decline contralateral (left) and on the prosthetic side (right). Abbreviation: d, distance. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2012 93, 541-549DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2011.10.017) Copyright © 2012 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Mean values of maximum knee flexion angles on the prosthetic side at swing phase during level ground walking at 3 velocities. Abbreviations: deg, degree; v, velocity (m/s). Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2012 93, 541-549DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2011.10.017) Copyright © 2012 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 Mean sagittal knee angles on the prosthetic side during walking with small steps (A) (step length ∼40cm) and during level ground walking at 3 velocities (B: slow; C: mid; D: fast). Abbreviations: deg, degree; gc, gait cycle; t, time. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2012 93, 541-549DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2011.10.017) Copyright © 2012 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 5 Mean maximum values of vertical and horizontal ground reaction forces (GRF) on the prosthetic side with SDs during level ground walking at 3 velocities at weight acceptance (completely colored: with stance phase flexion, hatched: without stance phase flexion). *Significant difference. Abbreviation: n.s., not significant. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2012 93, 541-549DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2011.10.017) Copyright © 2012 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 6 Mean sagittal (A) knee angles and (B) hip angles during stair ascent; mean sagittal (C) knee joint power and (D) hip joint power during stair ascent. Abbreviations: convent_contra, conventional method with C-Leg: contralateral side; deg, degree; Genium_contra, step-over-step method with Genium: contralateral side; Genium_prosth, step-over-step method with Genium: prosthetic side; t, time. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2012 93, 541-549DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2011.10.017) Copyright © 2012 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions