The First Farmers Video Objective: To explain how the first farming communities started.

1. Describe the weather and land at the beginning of the video. It is cold and icy there are few trees and animals for food

2. These people are called HUNTER-GATHERERS What are hunter gatherers? People who get food by hunting and collecting plants, fruits, and vegetables.

3. What is life like for these people? They travel all the time and are starving They are “one meal away from starvation.” What do we call people who travel and have no permanent home? nomads

4. What caused the land and climate to change? The glaciers melted Water made plants grow

MIDDLE EAST FERTILE CRESCENT 5. One of the best places for humans to live was an area in the called the MIDDLE EAST FERTILE CRESCENT

6. The fertile crescent stretches from to ISRAEL IRAQ What made the fertile crescent a good place to live? It had water and good soil for growing plants.

7. How did life change for the hunter-gatherers? There were a lot more plants and animals that could be used for food

8. What did the hunter-gatherers discover that changed their lives? A huge supply of grain What do we use grain for?

9. What artifacts did the archaeologists discover? Headband with shell beads Tool with flint blades w/wheat residue (remains)

10. What problem caused life to change? They had to carry the grain with them, so they decided to live near the grain

11. How many people lived in the first villages?

Anything that ran, swam, crawled, or flew 12. What meats did they eat? Anything that ran, swam, crawled, or flew

13. What did they spend most of their time doing? Making new tools or repairing old tools

14. What were the first gardens? The trash piles How did trash piles become the first gardens? The people threw out the seeds. The trash pile was full of wet rotting food. This cause the seeds to sprout and soon vegetables and fruits were growing.

15. How did these people change their environment to suit their needs? They took their seed supply and planted some of it to grow more

16. Name three ways the harvested wheat was used. Food Shelter baskets

A natural Spring was Nearby which Provided fresh water 17. Why did the farmers choose this specific location (Zad 2) to settle? A natural Spring was Nearby which Provided fresh water

The remains of burnt seeds 18. What did archaeologists find to prove that this was a farming community? The remains of burnt seeds

Creating new types of barley by only planting the best seeds 19. The discovery of the larger barley seeds showed that these farmers were Creating new types of barley by only planting the best seeds

20. The farmers still relied on hunting

21. Why did they invent the bow and arrow? To catch faster animals for meat To hunt at a distance for safety

22. Describe the houses in which these farmers lived. Round Mud and rock with grass roofs Fireplace inside

23. Why did they burn the roofs each year? To kill the bugs

24. Why is it now possible for families to be larger? More food More people to do work They do not have to move (remember the nomads had to carry children so they only had 1-2 kids)

25. How does this affect their lives? They have to now continue to grow more and more food The older people teach the younger people.

26. As the population grew, it became. necessary to be organized. This 26. As the population grew, it became necessary to be organized. This required A LEADER

A system of laws to keep order in society. 27. What do you think will come next as people learn to live in larger groups? A system of laws to keep order in society.