Oral pretreatment with a green tea polyphenol for cardioprotection against ischemia– reperfusion injury in an isolated rat heart model  Shigeki Yanagi, MD, Kazuaki Matsumura, PhD, Akira Marui, MD, PhD, Manabu Morishima, MD, Suong-Hyu Hyon, PhD, Tadashi Ikeda, MD, PhD, Ryuzo Sakata, MD, PhD  The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery  Volume 141, Issue 2, Pages 511-517 (February 2011) DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2010.04.016 Copyright © 2011 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Recovery of left ventricular function at 60 minutes of reperfusion as percentage before ischemia. A, Heart rate (HR) did not differ significantly among groups. B–D, Recoveries of left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP, B), maximum positive first derivative of left ventricular pressure (Max +dp/dt, C), and minimum negative first derivative of left ventricular pressure (Min −dp/dt, D) in 1-mmol/L and 10-mmol/L groups were higher than in control and 0.1-mmol/L groups. Recoveries of left ventricular developed pressure and maximum positive and minimum negative first derivatives of left ventricular pressure were higher in 1-mmol/L group than in 10-mmol/L group. All values shown as mean ± SD, n = 12 per group. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2011 141, 511-517DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2010.04.016) Copyright © 2011 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Oxidative stress on DNA in cardiomyocytes. A, Representative immunohistochemical analysis images for 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were obtained with specific monoclonal antibody. Stained nuclei are indicated by arrows. Bar represents 50 μm. B, Quantification of oxidative stress on DNA, as indicated by 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine index. All values shown as mean ± SD. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2011 141, 511-517DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2010.04.016) Copyright © 2011 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Western blotting analysis for apoptosis-related proteins. A, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), as phosphorylated p38 (p-p38) and nonphosphorylated p38 (t-p38). B, Caspase-3. All values shown as mean ± SD. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2011 141, 511-517DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2010.04.016) Copyright © 2011 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions