Bulimia Nervosa SOWK-230 Sydney Gaver.

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Presentation transcript:

Bulimia Nervosa SOWK-230 Sydney Gaver

Diagnostic Criteria DSM-5 A. Recurrent episodes of binge eating. An episode of binge eating is characterized by both of the following Eating, in a discrete period of time, an amount of food that is definitely larger than what most individuals would eat in a similar period of time under similar circumstances. A sense of lack of control over eating during the episode. B. Recurrent inappropriate compensatory behaviors in order to prevent weight gain, such as self-induced vomiting; misuse of laxatives, diuretics, or other medications; fasting; or excessive exercise C. The binge eating and inappropriate compensatory behaviors both occur, on average, at least once a week for 3 months. D. Self-evaluation is unduly influenced by body shape and weight E. The disturbance does not occur exclusively during episodes of anorexia nervosa.

What Does That Mean? Bulimia is characterized by: a cycle of binge eating & compensatory behaviors such as self- induced vomiting in an attempt to undo the effects of binge eating (bingeing and purging).

Symptoms of Bulimia Frequent episodes of consuming large amounts of food followed by behaviors to prevent weight gain such as self-induced vomiting, laxative abuse, and excessive exercise. Feeling out of control during binge-eating episodes. Extreme concern with body weight and shape. Most people with bulimia are a normal body weight according to the Body Mass Index (BMI).

Warning Signs of Bulimia What to Look For Going to the bathroom after meals Excessive exercise regimen; obsession with “burning off” calories Discoloration/staining of teeth (from self-induced vomiting) Withdrawal from friends and usual activities Continued exercise despite injury Calluses on hands and knuckles from self-induced vomiting

Health Consequences Electrolyte imbalances as the result of dehydration Can lead to irregular heartbeat, heart failure, or death Gastric rupture (stomach bursting) during binge-eating episodes Inflammation or rupture of the esophagus from self- induced vomiting Tooth decay and staining Irregular bowel movements as a result of laxative abuse

Why Do People Develop Eating Disorders? National Eating Disorder Association, 2014

Contributing Factors Psychological Biological Low self-esteem Feelings of lack of control in their life Depression, anxiety, anger or loneliness Eating disorders run in families Chemicals in the brain that control hunger, appetite, and digestion are unbalanced Genetics account for 59-83% of the liability for bulimia

Factors Continued… Interpersonal Social Troubled personal relationships Difficulty expressing emotions History of being teased based on weight History of abuse Drive for thinness and body dissatisfaction Culture values people based on physical appearance and not traits

Co-occurring Disorders 50% of people with eating disorders abuse either drugs or alcohol Depression and anxiety disorders frequently comorbid with eating disorders Elevated risk for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Self-harm PTSD from prior abuse

How to Help National Eating Disorder Association, 2014

Eating Disorder Treatment Residential Treatment Patient is medically stable Patient is psychiatrically unstable Inpatient Treatment Patient is medically unstable Partial Hospitalization Patient is medically stable but needs daily assessment Patient is psychiatrically stable but unable to function in normal situations Intensive Outpatient/Outpatient Patient is psychiatrically stable enough to function in normal situations

Resources National Eating Disorder Assocation (NEDA) NEDA Helpline 1-800-931-2237 Academy for Eating Disorders Proud 2 B Me Project HEAL