Unit 4 Lesson 5 Natural Disasters in Florida Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 1

Unit 4 Lesson 5 Natural Disasters in Florida Florida Benchmarks SC.6.N.1.1 Define a problem from the sixth grade curriculum, use appropriate reference materials to support scientific understanding, plan and carry out scientific investigation of various types, such as systematic observations or experiments, identify variables, collect and organize data, interpret data in charts, tables, and graphics, analyze information, make predictions, and defend conclusions Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 2

Unit 4 Lesson 5 Natural Disasters in Florida Florida Benchmarks SC.6.E.7.7 Investigate how natural disasters have affected human life in Florida. HE.6.C.1.3 Identify environmental factors that affect personal health. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 3

Unit 4 Lesson 5 Natural Disasters in Florida When It Rains, It Pours Which parts of a thunderstorm can be dangerous? Thunderstorms can produce heavy rains in a short period of time, causing flash floods. A flash flood is a sudden, local flood of great volume and short duration. Hailstones are produced when small chunks of ice cycle through a thunderstorm cloud, gaining layers of ice in the process. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 4

Which parts of a thunderstorm can be dangerous? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Natural Disasters in Florida Which parts of a thunderstorm can be dangerous? Florida has more injuries and deaths caused by lightning than any other state. Lightning is an electric discharge that takes place in clouds or between a cloud and the ground. Lightning can injure people, damage property, and start fires. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 5

Which parts of a thunderstorm can be dangerous? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Natural Disasters in Florida Which parts of a thunderstorm can be dangerous? Which other states have a high rate of lightning strikes per year? Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 6

Which parts of a thunderstorm can be dangerous? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Natural Disasters in Florida Which parts of a thunderstorm can be dangerous? Winds in a thunderstorm can reach speeds of 50–160 km/h. Downbursts of air can move toward the ground, spread out, and cause damage. These downbursts are sometimes mistaken for tornadoes. Winds can cause severe property damage. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 7

Wind and Water What are the effects of tornadoes? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Natural Disasters in Florida Wind and Water What are the effects of tornadoes? Tornadoes are violent spinning columns of air. Because Florida gets so many thunderstorms, tornadoes are common. Tornadoes can cause property damage, injury, and death. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 8

What are the effects of tornadoes? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Natural Disasters in Florida What are the effects of tornadoes? Which other states have a high risk level for tornadoes? Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 9

What are the effects of floods? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Natural Disasters in Florida What are the effects of floods? Floods are common in Florida. Florida is relatively flat and gets a lot of rainfall, and the rock under the soil does not let water through easily. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 10

What are the effects of floods? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Natural Disasters in Florida What are the effects of floods? Floodwater can damage property, cause injury, and contaminate drinking-water supplies. Florida also can flood from storm surges that push ocean water inland during hurricanes. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 11

Weathering the Storm What are the effects of hurricanes? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Natural Disasters in Florida Weathering the Storm What are the effects of hurricanes? Hurricanes are low-pressure systems with thunderstorms and winds that circle around a central “eye.” Hurricane season is from June 1 to November 30. Because of its location, Florida is hit by more hurricanes than any other state. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 12

What are the effects of hurricanes? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Natural Disasters in Florida What are the effects of hurricanes? Because of the severity of hurricanes, areas are often evacuated before they arrive. After a hurricane, floodwaters and other hazards can cause injury, death, and property damage. High winds can cause damages that cost billions of dollars to clean up. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 13

What are the effects of hurricanes? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Natural Disasters in Florida What are the effects of hurricanes? Where are hurricanes most common in the United States? Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 14

What are the effects of hurricanes? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Natural Disasters in Florida What are the effects of hurricanes? The destructive power of a hurricane is related to its strength. Category 1 hurricanes have the slowest winds at 119–153 km/h. Category 5 hurricanes have the fastest winds at more than 250 km/h. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 15

What are the effects of hurricanes? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Natural Disasters in Florida What are the effects of hurricanes? Why does a storm surge during high tide cause damage? Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 16

More Recipes for Disaster Unit 4 Lesson 5 Natural Disasters in Florida More Recipes for Disaster What are the effects of cold weather? Cold weather in Florida can damage crops, harm the tourism industry, and be dangerous to people. Many homes in Florida do not have adequate heating or insulation for protection from cold weather. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 17

What are the effects of sinkholes? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Natural Disasters in Florida What are the effects of sinkholes? Sinkholes are holes in the ground that form when a cave collapses. In Florida, caverns form where limestone is eroded by underground water. These caves can collapse and form sinkholes. Sinkholes can swallow cars, damage buildings, pollute water supplies, and cause injury and death. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 18

What are the effects of sinkholes? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Natural Disasters in Florida What are the effects of sinkholes? What can you conclude about the amount of limestone found in Florida? Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 19

Up in Flames What do we know about wildfires? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Natural Disasters in Florida Up in Flames What do we know about wildfires? Wildfires are uncontrolled fires burning in natural areas. Wildfires increase during Florida’s periods of dry weather and drought about every three to five years. Lightning often starts wildfires in Florida. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 20

What do we know about wildfires? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Natural Disasters in Florida What do we know about wildfires? Muck fires start when dead plant and animal matter, called muck, ignites as a result of lightning. Muck can be found deep under the top layer of soil. Muck fires can burn underground, which makes the fires hard to extinguish. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 21

What do we know about wildfires? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Natural Disasters in Florida What do we know about wildfires? When trees or grasses are dry, wildfires can spread easily. Wildfires can cause property damage and loss of habitats for animals. Knowing if you live in a fire-prone area, planting fire-resistant plants, and having a disaster plan can prepare you for wildfires. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 22

What do we know about wildfires? Unit 4 Lesson 5 Natural Disasters in Florida What do we know about wildfires? What can you conclude about the climate in other areas where wildfires are common? Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 23