Retrograde cardioplegia

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Presentation transcript:

Retrograde cardioplegia Ganghong Tian, MD, PhDa, Bo Xiang, DDSa, Guangping Dai, PhDa, Gang Li, MD, MSca,b, Jiankang Sun, MSca, Randy Summers, BSca, Roxanne Deslauriers, PhDa The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Volume 125, Issue 4, Pages 872-880 (April 2003) DOI: 10.1067/mtc.2003.109 Copyright © 2003 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Left to right: (top) Li, Dai, Tian, Sun; (bottom) Deslauriers, Summers, Xiang The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2003 125, 872-880DOI: (10.1067/mtc.2003.109) Copyright © 2003 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Numbers of colored microspheres found in capillaries of hearts subjected to RC and to AC. Bars represent mean; error bars represent SD. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2003 125, 872-880DOI: (10.1067/mtc.2003.109) Copyright © 2003 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Distributions of colored microspheres in arteriolar and venular portions of capillaries in RC (A) and AC (B). In hearts subjected to AC, percentages of colored microspheres in both arteriolar and venular portions of capillaries were not significantly different (P >.05). Difference in percentage of colored microspheres in portions of capillaries was statistically significant for RC. Bars represent mean; error bars represent SD. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2003 125, 872-880DOI: (10.1067/mtc.2003.109) Copyright © 2003 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 A, Drainage percentages of RC solution at various sites. B, Po2 values measured at various locations during RC. Bars represent mean; error bars represent SD. RV, Right ventricle; LV, left ventricle; LCX, left circumflex coronary artery; RCA, right coronary artery. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2003 125, 872-880DOI: (10.1067/mtc.2003.109) Copyright © 2003 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Signal-time courses of T2* images obtained during RC (A) and AC (B). It is clear that injection of gadolinium diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid polylysine during AC resulted in similar changes in T2* signal intensities, whereas contrast-induced T2* changes during RC varied significantly among pixels of myocardium. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2003 125, 872-880DOI: (10.1067/mtc.2003.109) Copyright © 2003 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 Signal-time courses of T1 images obtained during RC (A) and AC (B). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2003 125, 872-880DOI: (10.1067/mtc.2003.109) Copyright © 2003 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 Time courses of phosphocreatine (PCr, A) and inorganic phosphate (Pi, B) obtained during RC (open circles) and AC (closed circles) at cardioplegic flow rate of 20 mL/min. There were no significant changes in energy metabolites throughout measurements. Data points represent mean; error bars represent SD. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2003 125, 872-880DOI: (10.1067/mtc.2003.109) Copyright © 2003 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 7 Time courses of phosphocreatine (PCr, A) and inorganic phosphate (Pi, B) obtained during RC (open circles) and AC (closed circles) at cardioplegic flow rate of 10 mL/min. RC resulted in gradual and significant decrease in phosphocreatine and increase in inorganic phosphate. Data points represent mean; error bars represent SD. Asterisk indicates significant difference from control value. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2003 125, 872-880DOI: (10.1067/mtc.2003.109) Copyright © 2003 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 8 Time courses of phosphocreatine (PCr, A) and inorganic phosphate (Pi, B) obtained during AC at flow rate of 3 mL/min. Data points represent mean; error bars represent SD. Asterisk indicates significant difference from control value. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2003 125, 872-880DOI: (10.1067/mtc.2003.109) Copyright © 2003 American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions