Social Learning.

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Social Learning

4 types of Learning: Social Learning: Classical Conditioning - Ivan Pavlov’s method of conditioning, in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned, neutral stimulus. Operant Conditioning - a behavior is learned or avoided as a result of its consequences. Cognitive Learning -an approach to the study of learning that emphasizes abstract mental processes and previous knowledge. Social Learning:

What is Social Learning? Social learning is the learning from the behaviors of others Most prominent theorist for this theory is Albert Bandura.

Albert Bandura Claims that the most important aspect of learning was missed by Pavlov, Watson, and Skinner. Feels that between the stimulus and the response is the complex inner person who is able to analyze events and make decisions before a response is given.

Bandura Continued.. In order to survive, we imitate directly the activities of the people around us. This includes, parents, friends, family, or any inspiring figures in a person’s life. Imitation, then is considered a type of Social Learning.

Behavior Much of our behavior is obtained by Observational Learning Observational Learning means that we learn patterns of behavior by watching others and deciding what we want to imitate. EXAMPLE: Children learn and observe the patterns of behavior after the important people in their life, such as parents.

Social learning refers to ALL learning in a social situation. Observational learning is just one of the processes used for social learning. Process of observational learning in which we watch events, people and situations for cues on how to behave. We are influenced by the people and behaviors of others around us.

Experiments Plastic stand-up dolls were stood up. Children watched the adults hit and slug the stand-up dolls. When the children were left alone, they imitated this behavior. Bandura demonstrated that children who observe aggressive adult figures become aggressive themselves.

Importance of the Experiment Bandura makes the point that the child does not require a specific reinforcement or bribe such as food, for learning to occur in this instance.

Five steps to extinguish bad habits: 1. Remove, avoid, or delay the reinforcement. If you always snack when you watch television, watch it where there is no food available, only watch television when you workout, or delay the reinforcement: no snacks until the show is over.

2. Do not remove the reinforcement, but find a new behavior to get that reinforcement If Sally’s jokes in class are reinforced by the laughter and attention she receives, she will continue to say them so that she gets the attention she wants. Her jokes are disruptive, at times. Her teacher sees how much this reinforcement means to Sally so she uses attention to reinforce other, less disruptive behaviors.

3. Narrow or avoid the cues that trigger the habit. If sally overbuys food at the grocery store since she is always hungry when she goes there, she can avoid the cues by eating bef0re she goes to the store so that she will not be hungry.

4. Break the chain Stop procrastinating. If Lisa walks to the exercise room after school to workout, she should avoid all distractions that will cause her not to make it there; this includes talking to friends, and avoiding things that will slow the time down to get to the exercise room.

5. Monitor the bad habit. If Henry spends too much money, he should set goals for himself to know how much he is allowed to spend a day. He should also keep a book to write down how much he has spent during the week.