The enforcing of norms through either internal or external means.

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Presentation transcript:

The enforcing of norms through either internal or external means. Social Control The enforcing of norms through either internal or external means.

Two Basic Ways of Social Control Internalization- the process by which a norm becomes a part of an individual’s personality; thus conditioning that individual to conform to society’s expectations. Sanction- rewards or punishments used to enforce conformity to norms of society.

Types of Sanctions Positive Sanctions Negative Sanctions Formal Sanctions Informal Sanctions

Positive Sanctions An action that rewards a particular kind of behavior. Introduced to this concept early in life through family. Ex: Positive reinforcement; compliments; pay raises; trophies; ribbons etc

Negative Sanctions A punishment or the threat of punishment used to enforce conformity. Ex: Car towed; traffic tickets; fines; ridicule; imprisonment; probation; death

Formal Sanctions A reward or punishment given by a formal organization or regulatory agency such as a school, business, or government. Ex: low grades; suspensions; pay raises; fired; fines; promotions; scholarships; imprisonment

Informal Sanctions Spontaneous expression of approval or disapproval given by an individual or group. Ex: standing ovations; compliments; smiles; pats on the back; gifts; frowns; gossip; insults; ostracism (exclusion from group) These sanctions are particularly effective among teenagers.