VEGF is upregulated in the arterial wall of patients with biopsy-proven GCA but not in controls. VEGF is upregulated in the arterial wall of patients with biopsy-proven GCA but not in controls. Representative images of VEGF immunohistochemistry, all taken at 10× magnification. A–C from control patient; A. H&E, B. control IgG, C. αVEGF; arrow=tunica adventitia. D–F from GCA patient; D. H&E, E. control IgG, F. αVEGF; arrow=internal elastic lamina Nicola Goodfellow et al. RMD Open 2017;3:e000353 Copyright © BMJ Publishing Group & EULAR. All rights reserved.