BELLWORK: 2/1 (pgs. 87-92) Explain how the League of Nations operated. (members, structure, decisions, punishment, etc.) Why did the League use sanctions? Do you think this is an effective form of punishment? Even though the LofN was President Wilson’s idea, the U.S. does not join….why? How did this weaken the League? Besides the U.S., which other nations were excluded from the League? Why? How did their absence impact the strength of the League? Analyze the documents on page 91 – what are the most significant problems caused by the absence of major powers? THINKER: What similarities do you see between the League of Nations and the United Nations? Are there similar problems?

Your Guide for Paper 1/EA1: Pgs. 1-13 The Move to Global War (Prescribed Subject #1) 1931-1941 Rise of nationalist, militarist, totalitarian regimes Case Study #1: Expansion of Japan into East Asia and response of Western democracies Case Study #2: Rise of Italian Fascism and German Nazism and how their expansion ended “collective security” As you read “Your Guide for Paper 1,” summarize the following pts: Preparing for Paper 1 What you can expect on Paper 1 How to approach the source questions for Paper 1 Helpful Tips for Paper 1 We will complete a mock assessment for EA 1 after Spring Break – so be prepared! Understand the questions, tactics and bring EA guide!

The Failure of Collective Security A League working together to promote security or an “alliance of victors”???

Are sanctions effective? Do you know of any current US sanctions? http://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/Programs/Pages/Programs.aspx

What similarities do you see between the League of Nations and the United Nations? Are there similar problems?

Failures of the League Event Description Outcome Why did the League fail? Dealing with International Disputes Absence of major powers

Failures of the League As you read the rest of the chapter 5 packet, take notes on the events and why/how these events showed the League’s failure. Event Description Outcome Why did the League fail? Ruhr Crisis Great Depression Disarmament

BELLWORK: 2/7 Describe the Dawes Plan. What was the Rapallo Treaty? How did it show the failure of the League? How/why did the Depression lead to the rise of extremist groups? In your opinion, what was the biggest factor that led to the failure of the League of Nations? Explain!

The Rapallo Treaty Signed by Germany and Soviet Union Introduced diplomatic relations and pledged future cooperation Denounced reparations Close economic cooperation Included Germany’s relations with Soviet republics – Ukraine, Belarus, Armenia, & Georgia. Military cooperation  allowed Germany to rearm and train secretly in Russia Failure of League to prevent alliances Chancellor of Germany Joseph Wirth (2nd from left) with Krassin, Georgi Chicherin and Joffe from the Russian delegation

Class review & re-teach Your Task The Topics Work in a group of 4 to review one key reason that contributed to the League’s failure. You will then review with the class! Must cover a description of the event and why it showed the failure of the League. You must also pose one discussion question to the class! Ruhr Crisis Great Depression Disarmament Dealing with International Disputes Absence of Major Powers

Ruhr Crisis - 1923

Ruhr Crisis - 1923

The International Financial System under the Dawes Plan (1924-1930)

The Ruhr Crisis - 1923 How did the Ruhr Crisis show the failure of the League of Nations? In your opinion, what should the League have done to prevent this crisis?

The Depression’s Effect on the League of Nations

The Depression’s Effect on the League of Nations How/why did the Depression lead to the rise of extremist groups?

Failure of Disarmament

Failure of Disarmament Why did the League fail to ensure disarmament? Washington Conference – 1921 London Naval Conference – 1930 London Naval Treaty – 1936 Geneva Disarmament Conference – 1932 Scrapping Battleships

Failure of Disarmament

Dealing with International Disputes

Absence of Major Powers

The League failed to prevent…. The rise and expansion of totalitarian dictators Covenant Violations: Article X: Assistance will be given to any member nation that experiences external aggression. Article XVI: Should any member resort to war, it shall be deemed to have committed an act of war against all other Members of the League, which hereby undertake immediately the severance of all trade or financial relation (collective security)

The League failed to prevent…. Mussolini’s invasion of Abyssinia (Ethiopia) - 1935 “Should it happen that a strong Government finds it may with impunity destroy a weak people, then the hour strikes for that weak people to appeal to the League of Nations to give its judgment in all freedom. God and history will remember your judgment.” (Emperor Selassie; 1936)

The League failed to prevent…. Japan’s expansion into Manchuria (NE China)

The League failed to prevent…. Hitler’s violations of the Treaty of Versailles (1933-36)

Review With a partner, discuss FIVE main reasons the League of Nations failed. Then, rank them from 1 – 5 (1 is the biggest problem!) Be ready to discuss!

Your Guide for Paper 1 (EA1) The Move to Global War (Prescribed Subject #1) 1931-1941 Rise of nationalist, militarist, totalitarian regimes Case Study #1: Expansion of Japan into East Asia and response of Western democracies Case Study #2: Rise of Italian Fascism and German Nazism and how their expansion ended “collective security” As you read “Your Guide for Paper 1,” annotate the following pts: Preparing for Paper 1 What you can expect on Paper 1 How to approach the source questions for Paper 1 Helpful Tips for Paper 1 We will complete a mock assessment for EA 1 after Spring Break – so be prepared! Understand the questions, tactics and bring EA guide!

BELLWORK 2/12: Overtly Purposeful Creations for Victory in the Long-term! (AKA - OPCVL excitement!!!)  How should you organize your OPCVL analysis? What are some things to consider when analyzing for “value?” What are some things to consider when analyzing for “limitation?” THINKER: Why might a primary document (like FDR’s speech) be both valuable AND limited?

Practice OPCVL Analysis – Grade & Reflection With reference to its origin, purpose, and content, analyze the value and limitations for FDR’s Fireside Chat for a historian studying the New Deal. Things to consider when self-editing: Need to demonstrate understanding of source within the historical context Aspects of O, P, and C may overlap – that is ok. You should NOT just summarize the source – needs to be more evaluative/analytical in nature Do NOT be vague! Expand on points! For example…. BAD: The purpose of this Fireside Chat was to instill confidence in the American populace which limits the source. BETTER: The purpose of this Fireside Chat was to instill confidence in the American populace which limits the source because it is used to promote the programs and positive in nature; therefore, it does not address problems that remain unsolved.