Skeletal System

Functions of the Skeletal System Gives body shape and support Protects internal organs Allows body movement Forms blood cells Stores fats and minerals There are a total of 206 bones in the human body!

Structure of a bone (cont.) Compact bone- very dense; forms surface of bones Spongy bone- less dense; forms interior of bones

Structure of a bone

Structure of a bone (cont.) Bone marrow is the soft tissue found inside bones. There are two types: -Red marrow: where blood cells are produced -Yellow marrow: stores fat cells

Skeleton Organization

Axial skeletal-the central part of the skeleton, which includes the cranium, the spinal column, and the ribs Appendicular skeleton-the bones of the skeleton that function to allow movement, such as arm and leg bones

Joints Joints are where bones meet. There are several types of joints: -Immovable joints do not allow movement (cranial bones and breastbone) -Movable joints allow movement: -hinge joints (elbows, knees, fingers) -ball-and-socket joint (shoulders, hips) -pivot joints (neck) -gliding joints (backbone)

Joints (cont.) Hinge joint

Joints (cont.) Ball-and-socket joint

Joints (cont.) Ball-and-socket joint

Joints (cont.) Pivot joint

Joints (cont.) Gliding Joint

Joints (cont.) Ligaments-connects bones to each other Cartilage-flexible, rubbery substance that cushions our joints

The skeleton changes Infancy-skull grows as the brain grows

The skeleton changes (cont.) Childhood-bone growth occurs at growth plates

The skeleton changes (cont.) Adolescence-bones stop growing and growth plate hardens

The skeleton changes (cont.) Adulthood-older bones break down and new bone cells develop, but more bone is broken down than is regenerated

Osteoporosis

**The foot has 26 bones, the hand has 27 = 106 bones in hands and feet!

References http://members.aol.com/Attic21/Anatomy/skeleton1.html http://www.science-class.net/PowerPoints/Bones%20_%20Muscles_files/frame.htm http://homepage.mac.com/myers/misc/bonefiles/bonestruct.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_bone http://www.toc-stl.com/info/elbow.htm http://www.kettering.edu/visitors/storydetail.jsp?storynum=322 http://www.dkimages.com/discover/Home/Health-and-Beauty/Human-Body/Skeletal-System/Joints-and-Movement/Joints-and-Movement-33.html http://www.besthealth.com/besthealth/bodyguide/reftext/html/skel_sys_fin.html http://www.arc.org.uk/arthinfo/patpubs/6002/6002.asp http://apps.uwhealth.org/health/adam/graphics/images/en/1115.jpg http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=93125&rendTypeId=4 http://www.aclsolutions.com/images/Seif_growth%20plates.jpg http://www.us.novartisoncology.com/images/jun3_3.jpg