A Multi-static HF Radar Network for the New Jersey Shelf Observing System (NJSOS) Josh Kohut and Scott Glenn Rutgers University, USA Don Barrick and Pete Lilleboe CODAR Ocean Sensors Related Talks: Overview of NJSOS (10:40 Wednesday (OI)) Oscar Schofield and Scott Glenn, Rutgers University Glider Component of NJSOS (15:10 Thursday (OI)) Clayton Jones, WEBB Research Technical Aspects of CODAR (16:00 Thursday(AMRS)) Don Barrick, CODAR Ocean Sensors
New Jersey Shelf Observing System (NJSOS)
CODAR Systems Standard SeaSonde Long-range SeaSonde Bistatic SeaSonde range : 50 km resolution : 1.5 km Long-range SeaSonde range : 170 km resolution : 6 km Bistatic SeaSonde range : 40 km – 325 km resolution : 1.5 km – 6 km
Research Area New York Bight
1998 1999 2000 2001 Test
Standard System Validation Calibration Application
Radial Velocity Map Brant Beach Site Brigantine Site Moored ADCP 25 km 25 cm/s
Surface Velocity Comparison with ADCP C July, 1998 Raw Velocity 40 30 20 10 -10 -20 -30 -40 RMS = 7.2 cm/s Velocity (cm/s) ADCP CODAR 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 Time (year-day) 20 15 10 5 -5 -10 -15 -20 Tidal Velocity RMS = 1.6 cm/s Velocity (cm/s) 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 Time (year-day)
Coupled With Sea Surface Temperature Satellite Imagery C l o u d 39:30N 39:15N 74:00W 74:15W Surface Velocities 20 cm/sec Atlantic City Marine Field Station Brigantine Brant Beach T e m p r a t u Celsius 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Kilometers 0 5 10 Copyright 1998, Colon Boy Productions. A B C Great Bay Coastal Ocean RADAR Coupled With Sea Surface Temperature Satellite Imagery
Standard System Validation Calibration Application
Role of Antenna Patterns in System Calibration
Antenna Pattern Distortions Antenna A Antenna B Loop 1 Loop 2 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 Clear Environment 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 Cluttered Environment 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 Angle (Degrees From True North)
ADCP and CODAR Radial Velocity Comparisons RMS Difference (cm/s) R2 Calibration 9.53 0.71 None 7.37 0.90 Measured Pattern Kohut, J. T. and S. M. Glenn. 2002. Calibration of HF radar surface current measurements using measured antenna beam patterns. J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., Submitted.
Standard System Validation Calibration Application
Standard System Applications Adaptive Sampling Model Assimilation Scientific Inquiry Real-time Web Display Search and Rescue Advection of data for vicarious calibration of satellite imagery. Local wave measurements http://marine.rutgers.edu/cool http://www.thecoolroom.org
Standard System Applications Adaptive Sampling Model Assimilation Scientific Inquiry Real-time Web Display Search and Rescue Advection of data for vicarious calibration of satellite imagery. Local wave measurements http://marine.rutgers.edu/cool http://www.thecoolroom.org
Stratified Mixed
Complex Correlation Correlation Stratified Mixed Wind Stress: 2 m/s 2 m/s 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 Correlation
Topography Along-isobath Principle Component dh minimize : dL 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 minimize : Depth (m) h = depth L = horizontal scale
Influence of Gradient Maximim Topography Influence of Gradient Maximim Angular Offset Depth Gradient (m/km) -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 Angular Offset (degrees) Negative angle : Principle axis right of topography
Standard System Applications Adaptive Sampling Model Assimilation Scientific Inquiry Real-time Web Display Search and Rescue Advection of data for vicarious calibration of satellite imagery. Local wave measurements http://marine.rutgers.edu/cool http://www.thecoolroom.org
Search and Rescue
CODAR Systems Standard SeaSonde Long-range SeaSonde Bistatic SeaSonde range : 50 km resolution : 1.5 km Long-range SeaSonde range : 170 km resolution : 6 km Bistatic SeaSonde range : 40 km – 325 km resolution : 1.5 km – 6 km
1998 1999 2000 2001
Long-range System Validation Application
M2 Tidal Ellipses
Long-range System Validation Application
Long-range System Applications Adaptive Sampling Model Assimilation Scientific Inquiry Real-time Web Display Search and Rescue Advection of data for vicarious calibration of satellite imagery. Local wave measurements
Long-range System Applications Adaptive Sampling Model Assimilation Scientific Inquiry Real-time Web Display Search and Rescue Advection of data for vicarious calibration of satellite imagery. Local wave measurements Ship Tracking
Bragg Peaks from a Moving Transmitter (4.66 MHz)
R/V Endeavor Ship Track (December 2001)
Tracking the R/V Endeavor December 2, 2001 Solid Lines Are GPS Track; Points Are Radar Track Radial velocity (range rate) from Doppler is most accurate Range quantized in 10 km steps No attempt yet at track precision improvement with Kalman filter algorithm
CODAR Systems Standard SeaSonde Long-range SeaSonde Bistatic SeaSonde range : 50 km resolution : 1.5 km Long-range SeaSonde range : 170 km resolution : 6 km Bistatic SeaSonde range : 40 km – 325 km resolution : 1.5 km – 6 km
GPS Synchronization : Bistatic Monostatic HF-Radar Bistatic HF-Radar
GPS Synchronization : Bistatic Shore to Shore November 20, 2000
GPS Synchronization : Bistatic Ship to Shore Monostatic Bistatic
R/V Endeavor Cruise Track (12/1/2001 – 12/8/2001) Standard Bistatic Buoy
GPS Synchronization : Bistatic Buoy to Shore Monostatic Bistatic
University of Rhode Island GPS Synchronization : Bistatic Ship to Shore R/V Endeavor University of Rhode Island
R/V Endeavor Cruise Track (12/1/2001 – 12/8/2001) Standard Bistatic Buoy Long-range Bistatic
GPS Synchronization : Bistatic Ship to Shore
4 0 4 Monostatic Systems Bistatic Systems Number of Looks 4 4 16 4 6 24 4 5 20
Conclusions Standard and long-range CODARs are an important component of NJSOS. GPS Synchronization facilitates the development of multi-static HF radar networks. Multi-static HF radar networks will provide multiple looks for surface current, ship tracking, and local wave measurement algorithms for coastal ocean applications.
Acknowledgements Coastal Ocean Observation Lab (R.U. COOL) Sage Lichtenwalner, Liz Creed, Mike Crowley, Clinton Haldeman, Chhaya Mudgal, Kristie Andresen, Louis Bowers Codar Ocean Sensors Brigantine, NJ; Long Beach Township, NJ; National Park Service, United States Coast Guard http://marine.rutgers.edu/cool http://www.thecoolroom.org