Sec 3 – Japan Returns to Isolation

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Presentation transcript:

Sec 3 – Japan Returns to Isolation

New Feudalism 1467: Civil war spins Japan in chaos = violence 1467-1568: “Warring States” period Samurai Daimyo rule states Emperor = figurehead System resembles Europe Castles, serfs, local armies, tribute, etc.

New Leaders Oda Nobunaga – seizes Kyoto in 1568 Toyotomi Hideyoshi Works to eliminate rivals & Buddhist monasteries First to effectively use firearms Commits seppuku (suicide) in 1582 Toyotomi Hideyoshi Nobunaga’s best general 1590: Controls most of Japan through force & alliances 1592: Invades Korea

Tokugawa 1600: Tokugawa Ieyasu unites Japan 1693: Becomes Shogun & moves capital to Edo (Tokyo) Rebellion still prevalent; daimyo must spend time between Edo & homes Policy brings back central government Founds Tokugawa Shogunate (lasts until 1867) Tokugawa

Tokugawa Society Tokugawa shoguns bring stability & prosperity Wealth, food, & population rise Structure: Shogun, daimyo, samurai, peasants, artisans, then merchants Practice Confucian ideas Focused on agriculture Peasants faced heavy taxes Mid-1700s: Japan shifting to an urban society

Tokugawa Culture Maintain traditions Samurai attend nohs Ceremonial tragic dramas Paintings of classical literature were popular New styles of entertainment developed Haikus were very popular P. 544

European Contact Initially, Europeans were welcomed 1543: Portuguese reach Japan Introduce many new goods Tobacco, firearms, etc. Firearms = completely change of Japan Many forts constructed to combat cannons

Missionaries 1549: Christian missionaries arrive Associated w/ European traders = acceptance Conversions upset Ieyasu Bans Christianity in 1612 1637: Rebellion put down Christians held responsible & persecuted European missionaries exiled or killed All forced to practice Buddhism Missionaries

Isolation Persecution of Christians = control of foreign ideas 1639: “Closed country policy” Nagasaki remained open to foreign trade Only Dutch & Chinese allowed Trade monopoly for shogunate Remains closed for nearly 200 years Japanese forbidden to leave as well