Submission Title: [Non-persistent CSMA Mechanism] Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [Non-persistent CSMA Mechanism] Date Submitted: [Nov. 2006 ] Source: [Pei Liu, Liang Li ] Company: [Hisilicom Technology Co. Ltd, Vinno Technologies Inc. ] Address: [Nan Tian Bld., No.10 Xinxi. Rd Shang-Di Information Industry Base, Hai-Dain District, Beijing,China ] Voice:[86-10-82882552], E-Mail:[liupei@hisilicon.com, liangli@vinnotech.com] Re: [ IEEE 802.15.4c ] Abstract: [Description the upgraded MAC issues on Chinese WPAN Standard Draft] Purpose: [To encourage discussion.] Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15. Submission Pei Liu, Hisilicon

The CSMA/CA Operation Procedure in IEEE 802.15.4-2006 MAC The CSMA/CA algorithm is used within CAP in IEEE802.15.4-2006 MAC, which may operate in either of two topologies: the star topology or the peer-to-peer topology. The network throughput is a important evaluation for the performance of CSMA/CA. In IEEE802.154-2006, the throughput is derived from CSMA/CA mechanism of IEEE802.11 Standard Submission Pei Liu, Hisilicon

Drawbacks of Current MAC Protocol The CSMA/CA mechanism in WPAN is quite different from IEEE802.11: The virtual carrier-sense mechanism, and the RTS（request-to-send ）/CTS（clear-to-send) are not employed in WPAN, because of the low data rate, short packets, and high ratio of packet header and control packets to payload data for a single node, compared to 802.11. Only the slotted CSMA/CA is employed in 802.11, but in WPAN, slotted and unslotted CSMA/CA may be employed, depending on the network modes. Therefore, a large error may result from calculation of success CCA probability and throughput. Furthermore, the computational complexity of success CCA probability and throughput are quite high. Submission Pei Liu, Hisilicon

Definition of Networking Throughput The throughput is defined as the proportion of time to successfully transmit payload bits in the investigated cycle, the period between two successful packet transmissions. Where Tp is the time to successfully transmit payload bits in the investigated cycle, Tv is the period between two successful packet transmissions, shown as the CAP channel model. Submission Pei Liu, Hisilicon

Promoting Non-persistent CSMA/CA The CSMA/CA algorithm in WPAN is similar to non-persistent CSMA. It’s feasible to apply np-CSMA for analyzing the WPAN CSMA/CA processing and confirming the throughput on WPAN. Submission Pei Liu, Hisilicon

Communication Model on one Channel Communication Model in one Channel Acquire the average idle time in communications, and average collision times between successful communications in consideration of timeout. Submission Pei Liu, Hisilicon

Calculation Throughput calculate the throughput calculate the cycle confirm the time parameters calculate average collision times in a cycle Build up the Markov model for accessing channel. Calculate the possibility of accessing the channel (such as the ratio of successful CCA, the possibility of first CCA in back off period), and ones of two consecutive successful CCA. Calculate the throughput based on the CAP model and parameters. Submission Pei Liu, Hisilicon

The Non-persistent Slotted CSMA/CA Algorithm BE=mac MinBE NB=0,CW=2 Battery life extension？ Locate backoff period boundary Delay for random (0~2BE -1) unit backoff periods Perform CCA Channel idle？ CW=2,NB=NB+1 BE=min(BE+1, aMaxBE ) NB> macMaxCSMABackoffs? failure CW=CW-1 CW=0? success Y N BE=min（2,mac MinBE) (step1) (step5） (step4) (step3) (step2) Submission Pei Liu, Hisilicon

The Non-persistent Unslotted CSMA/CA Algorithm Submission Pei Liu, Hisilicon

Simulation Results of the Throughput Within CAP under CSMA Method Supposed: One coordinator and end devices with a star topology The number of devices is fixed and known Other conditions strictly pursue the ones in the CSMA/CA algorithm in IEEE802.15.4 Submission Pei Liu, Hisilicon

Simulation Results of the Throughput Within CAP under CSMA Method The details of the simulation conditions: Other parameters use the default values defined for 2.4GHz frequency channels such as 3, 5 and 4 for macMinBE, aMaxBE and macMaxCSMABackoff, respectively. packet payload 55 or 115 bytes overhead 15 bytes ACK length 11 bytes Channel bit rate 250 kbps Backoff unit 10 bytes CCA time 4 bytes Submission Pei Liu, Hisilicon

Simulation Results of the Throughput Within CAP under CSMA Method The L is the number of payload slots within CAP Submission Pei Liu, Hisilicon

The Features of Non-persistent CSMA/CA Large reduction of the complexity of CAP analysis Much accuracy CCA assessing with low complexity, based on the new communication model on one channel Much accuracy evaluation of throughput in consideration of timeout. Submission Pei Liu, Hisilicon