Chapter 12 Stoichiometry 12.1 The Arithmetic of Equations 12.2 Chemical Calculations 12.3 Limiting Reagent and Percent Yield Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

1. Balance the equation for producing ammonia. __N2 + __H2  __NH3 Using Equations Do Now: 1. Balance the equation for producing ammonia. __N2 + __H2  __NH3 2. Draw a picture of what happens in this reaction. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

Using Equations Stoichiometry Calculation of quantities of reactants and products in chemical reactions Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

Writing and Using Mole Ratios N2(g) + 3H2(g)  2NH3(g) The three mole ratios derived from the balanced equation above are: 2 mol NH3 1 mol N2 3 mol H2 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

Calculating Moles of a Product Sample Problem 12.3 Calculating Moles of a Product N2 + 3H2  2NH3 How many moles of NH3 are produced when 0.60 mol of nitrogen reacts with hydrogen? Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

2 mol NH3 0.60 mol N2  = 1.2 mol NH3 1 mol N2 Sample Problem 12.3 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

Combustion of Gasoline Chemical Equations Combustion of Gasoline 2C8H18 + 25O2  16CO2 + 18H2O ∆H = -10,224 kJ How many moles of CO2 will be produced from the combustion of 30 moles of C8H18? (note: 30 moles C8H18 is ~ 1 gallon of gasoline) https://www3.epa.gov/climatechange//kids/index.html Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

2H2(g) + O2(g) ↔ 2H2O(l) ∆H = -482 kJ Chemical Equations Combustion of Hydrogen / Electrolysis 2H2(g) + O2(g) ↔ 2H2O(l) ∆H = -482 kJ How many moles of O2 are required to react with 10 moles of H2? http://energy.gov/eere/videos/energy-101-fuel-cell-technology Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

END OF 12.1 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.