Chemistry of Life

Chemical Reactions/Enzymes

{ { 2Fe + 3H2O- Fe2O3 + 3H2 Products Reactants Enzymes and Chemical reactions A chemical reaction is a process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals by creating/breaking bonds { { 2Fe + 3H2O- Fe2O3 + 3H2 Products Reactants

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qgVFkRn8f10

Enzymes and Chemical Reactions (cont) Enzymes are a type of protein that act as a biological catalyst by speeding up chemical reactions in cells. Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy of the reaction

Activation energy -Most chemical reactions require a lot of energy to start -The energy needed to start a reaction is called activation energy

How is Activation Energy Lowered? Enzymes only work with SPECIFIC reactants called substrates. The enzyme and its substrate work like a lock and key. The active site is where the enzyme/substrate fit together. When the substrate attaches to the active site, the enzyme slightly changes shape(denature), which weakens the bond. Lowering activation energy.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wp_yyDEEC3k

How is Activation Energy Lowered? Enzymes and substrates are attached until the reaction ends. Substrates are then changed into new/different substances. Enzymes are unchanged and can be used repeatedly.

How is Activation Energy Lowered?

Conditions for Enzyme Activity 1.) Ph=7 2.) Temperature about 37C or 98.6F -If temperatures or Ph are too high or too low the enzymes change shape (deform) and no longer fit with the substrate. PUT PHSCHOOL ANIMATIONOF ENZYMES HERE WHERE THEY GET TOO HOT AND MELT

ACTIVE SITE