Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning Civil Engineering and Architecture Unit 3 – Lesson 3.3 – Services and Utilities Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2010

Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning Civil Engineering and Architecture Unit 3 – Lesson 3.3 – Services and Utilities TABLE OF CONTENTS Types of Systems Central Forced Air System Air Handling Unit Hot Water System Zoned Control System Radiant Heat Heat Pump HVAC Plans Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2010

Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning Civil Engineering and Architecture Unit 3 – Lesson 3.3 – Services and Utilities Types of Systems Central Forced-Air Systems Hot Water Systems Zone Control Systems Radiant Heat Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2010

Central Forced Air System Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning Civil Engineering and Architecture Unit 3 – Lesson 3.3 – Services and Utilities Central Forced Air System Most Common HVAC System Circulates air through or around heating and cooling devices. A fan forces air into ducts Supply ducts transport conditioned air into building through diffusers or supply registers Air is routed back to heating/cooling device through return ducts Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2010

Air Handling Unit (AHU) Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning Civil Engineering and Architecture Unit 3 – Lesson 3.3 – Services and Utilities Air Handling Unit (AHU) Device used to condition and circulate air as part of an HVAC system Large metal box containing a blower, heating or cooling elements, filter, and sound attenuators Connects to ductwork that distributes the conditioned air through the building and returns it to the AHU Courtesy Eric Fisher Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2010

Air Handling Unit (AHU) Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning Civil Engineering and Architecture Unit 3 – Lesson 3.3 – Services and Utilities Air Handling Unit (AHU) May need to supply heating, cooling, or both A furnace generates heat Fuel oil or natural gas Electric heating elements Heat pump A refrigeration system absorbs heat Air conditioner Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2010

Air Handling Unit (AHU) Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning Civil Engineering and Architecture Unit 3 – Lesson 3.3 – Services and Utilities Air Handling Unit (AHU) Smaller air handlers may contain a fuel-burning heater or a refrigeration evaporator placed directly in the air stream Large commercial air handling units contain coils that circulate water Boiler provides hot water or steam Chiller provides chilled water The picture on the left shows a boiler and piping in an HVAC system. The picture on the right shows a roof top chiller. ©iStockphoto.com ©iStockphoto.com Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2010

Air Handling Unit (AHU) Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning Civil Engineering and Architecture Unit 3 – Lesson 3.3 – Services and Utilities Air Handling Unit (AHU) Typical AHU components: 1. Supply duct 2. Fan compartment 3. Flexible connection 4. Heating and/or cooling coil 5. Filter compartment 6. Return and fresh air duct Wikimedia Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2010

Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning Civil Engineering and Architecture Unit 3 – Lesson 3.3 – Services and Utilities Hot Water System Water heated in boiler and circulated through pipes to radiators Requires plumbing rather than ductwork The picture shows a home radiator. Despite the name, a radiator actually works through convection. Cool air is heated by the hot radiator, which causes the air to expand and to rise. This process draws cooler air up from the floor. ©iStockphoto.com Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2010

Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning Civil Engineering and Architecture Unit 3 – Lesson 3.3 – Services and Utilities Zone Control System One heater and one thermostat per room No ductwork Often used in hotel rooms Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2010

Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning Civil Engineering and Architecture Unit 3 – Lesson 3.3 – Services and Utilities Radiant Heat Supply heat directly to the floor, wall, or ceiling Hot water pipes or electric heating element runs through building component Dependent on radiant heat Heat transferred from hot surface to people and objects This image shows the installation of electric heating elements in a floor. Wikimedia Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2010

Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning Civil Engineering and Architecture Unit 3 – Lesson 3.3 – Services and Utilities Heat Pump (HP) A machine or device that moves heat from one location (the source) to another location (the mechanical work) Can produce heating or cooling by reversing the direction of heat flow Can be used in: Forced Air System Hot Water System Radiant Heat System This picture shows a liquid-to-water heat pump which uses water to transfer heat. Liquid-to-air units that output forced air are also available. wikimedia Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2010

Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning Civil Engineering and Architecture Unit 3 – Lesson 3.3 – Services and Utilities HVAC Plans HVAC plans show the size and location of the equipment, ductwork, and components of the system. Often the plans include notes, schedules, and specifications. This is a partial HVAC drawing. Image Courtesy Novus Architects Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2010

HVAC (Mechanical) Plans Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning Civil Engineering and Architecture Unit 3 – Lesson 3.3 – Services and Utilities HVAC (Mechanical) Plans Here the air handling units (AHU) have been shaded red, the supply ducts have been shaded green, and the return ducts have been shaded blue. Notice that the air flows are also noted in cubic feet per minute (CFM). All of the tags refer to specific component descriptions found in schedules within the drawing set. Image Courtesy Novus Architects Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2010

Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning Civil Engineering and Architecture Unit 3 – Lesson 3.3 – Services and Utilities HVAC Mechanical Plans Image Courtesy Novus Architects In addition to supply and return ducts, codes require that some rooms be vented directly to the outside. These exhaust ducts are shaded yellow in this image. Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2010

Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning Civil Engineering and Architecture Unit 3 – Lesson 3.3 – Services and Utilities TABLE OF CONTENTS Types of Systems Central Forced Air System Air Handling Unit Hot Water System Zoned Control System Radiant Heat Heat Pump HVAC Plans Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2010

Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning Civil Engineering and Architecture Unit 3 – Lesson 3.3 – Services and Utilities Image Sources en.wikimedia.org. Images retrieved Dec. 8, 2009. Novus Architecture (formerly SGM Architects), Mt. Pleasant, SC www.istockphoto.com. Images retrieved Dec. 8, 2009. Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2010

Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning Civil Engineering and Architecture Unit 3 – Lesson 3.3 – Services and Utilities Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2010