ELEC-E Smart Grid Pumped hydro energy storages

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Presentation transcript:

ELEC-E8423 - Smart Grid Pumped hydro energy storages Tomi Töyräs Topias Zein 09.04.2019

Introduction Mechanical energy storage Based on the gravitational potential energy of water Capacity: 185 GW installed About 95 % of all storages China has the most power capacity 09.04.2019

Applications Energy balancing helps to balance the power system  can be used when the renewable production is low Load leveling can be loaded in night hours  balance the load peaks Large emergency reserve 09.04.2019

Pumped storage plant on surface The most common in use Discharge time: from hours to a few days and response time: seconds to minutes Plant sizes are between 100 – 3000 MW Efficiency is 70 – 85 % 09.04.2019

Bath County Pumped Storage Station Largest pumped storage plant in the world since 1985 In Virginia, United States Storage capacity: 31 GWh Rated power: 3 GW Construction cost: US$1.6 billion 09.04.2019

Underwater reservoirs Usage of pressure at the sea bottom Power need  water is let in Electricity production surplus  water pumped out Used in conjunction with other renewables (e.g. offshore wind) Sphere diameter ~ 25 m Depth of 200 to 700 m 09.04.2019

Underground reservoirs One or both reservoirs underground Usable in flat regions Usage of old mines such as coal Can be cheaper than on surface pumped storage Planned to be used in Pyhäjärvi metal mine 09.04.2019

Conclusions +Advantages Reliable technology Long lifetime Energy balancing Emergency  large reserve -Disadvantages Needs specific location Vast area Issues with environment High investment costs 09.04.2019

References 400 MW pumped storage hydro plan approved. Civil engineer [online]. Webvision, 2017 [cit. 04.04.2019]. Link: https://www.newcivilengineer.com/latest/400mw-pumped-storage-hydro-plan-approved/10015321.article Pumped hydro storage plants with improved operational flexibility using constant speed Francis runners DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.09.065. Energy and Innovation Awards. Energy week [online]. Vaasa: EnergyVaasa, 2018 [cit. 04.04.2019]. Link: https://www.energyweek.fi/awards/ Electrical Energy Storage: IEC. Geneva, 2011. Link: http://www.iec.ch/whitepaper/pdf/iecWP-energystorage-LR-en.pdf Sub-surface pumped hydro storage. Energy storage association [online]. 2018 [cit. 06.04.2019]. Link: http://energystorage.org/energy-storage/technologies/sub-surface-pumped-hydroelectric-storage Locating Power Plants. Virgninia Places [online]. [cit. 03.04.2019] Link: http://www.virginiaplaces.org/ggs380/11powerplants.html Data visualization. DOE Global energy database [online]. Sandia Corporation, 2018 [cit. 06.04.2019]. Link: https://www.energystorageexchange.org/projects/data_visualization Ocean Renewable Energy Storage (ORES), DOI: 10.1109/JPROC.2013.2242411. U.S. Grid Energy storage factsheet. Center for sustainable system [online]. Michigan, 2017 [cit. 08.04.2019]. Link: http://css.umich.edu/factsheets/us-grid-energy-storage-factsheet Bath county pumped storage station. Dominion Energy [online]. Dominion Energy, 2018 [cit. 08.04.2019]. Link: https://www.dominionenergy.com/about-us/making-energy/renewables/water/bath-county-pumped-storage-station 09.04.2019