Experience of Analog Switch-OFF Next Generation Terrestrial Broadcasting 17 Jan 2019 Kenji Suzuki Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK)

Table of contents About NHK Experience of ASO（Analog Switch-Off） R&D for Next Generation Terrestrial Broadcasting

Table of contents About NHK Experience of ASO（Analog Switch-Off） R&D for Next Generation Terrestrial Broadcasting

Network Broadcasters in Japan Public Broadcaster: NHK(Nationwide) Funded by Receiving Fees Obliged to Serve Entire Households by Broadcast Law Commercial Broadcasters: Funded by Commercials 5 Major Nationwide Networks Available up to 6 Channels Depending on the Region

Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK) Japan’s sole public broadcaster Media TV: 2 terrestrial, 4 satellite Radio: 2 AM, 1 FM International: 2 TV, 1 Radio R&D Science and Technology Research Laboratories (STRL) Coverage All over Japan (about 52 million households) Broadcasting Center (Tokyo) 54 local stations, 29 bureaus worldwide Disaster reporting Sole broadcaster obliged to provide disaster updates and warnings under the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures 2018.12.1　Started！

Table of contents About NHK Experience of ASO（Analog Switch-Off） R&D for Next Generation Terrestrial Broadcasting

Efforts towards Fully Digital TV Broadcasting 3 (3) 13 (10) 25% 40% 61% 85% 93% 97% 98% 0% 20% 60% 80% 100% Coverage Number of Digital Stations Coverage and Number of Digital Stations 38 (25) 120 (82) 344 (224) 785 (441) 1,391 (606) 2,114 (723) 2,124 Household Coverage by ‘AIR’ Number of D-Stations (Annual Increase) ASO Date Decided by Radio Law (Jul. 2001) DTV Launched (Dec. 2003) Mobile TV Launched (Apr. 2006) ASO: July 24 6

Viewers’ Preparation Towards Digitalization DTV Support Centers (Established by Ministry of Internal affairs and Communications) Overview: 　　Established by Government Nationwide 　　Help Viewers for Digital TV Reception How: 　　Notification and Announcement from the DTV Centers Main Players:　Local governments, Retailers, and Broadcasters More Than 100 NHK Engineers Dispatched as Team-Leaders at “DTV Support Center”

DTV Support Centers Briefings for senior citizens (2) Visits to Elderly Peoples (Visits to more than 2 million homes) (3) Vehicle for measuring signal quality (Publishing of findings) (4) Call Centers (Max. 1,200 operators) “Quick Radio measurement” Good reception along roads highlighted in blue

Three Major Difficulties of Reception Infrastructure Houses (3.4 million) Apartments (5.8 million) ① Change VHF Antennas to UHF UHF VHF Changing Antennas for VHF to UHF required in the Area where Analog TV Service was on VHF (Approx. 9.2 million households) ② Rural Area Reception Community Reception Antennas are Needed for Rural Area (Approx. 0.8 million households) ③ Interference Caused by Building Shadows Technical Surveys and Agreement for Cost Sharing Required (Approx. 8 million households) Both Government and NHK Worked Closely for Solutions in Financially and Technically 9

Status of Reception Infrastructure ①VHF to UHF 100% 98% 98% 99% 99% 97% 96% 99% 99% 99% 95% 96% 98% 94% 95% 95% 95% 99% 99% 98% 97% 96% 96% 96% 94% 95% 89% 89% 90% 92% ②Rural areas 88% 90% 87% 85% 87% 87% 87% 81% ③Interference caused by shadows 78% ① VHF to UHF (House) 23 million houses ① VHF to UHF (Apartment) 21 million houses ② Rural area reception 0.8 million houses ③ Interference caused by shadows 8 million houses 73% 69% 60% 2010.7 2010.8 2010.9 2010.10 2010.11 2010.12 2011.1 2011.2 2011.3 2011.4 2011.5 2011.6 2011.7

Financial Assistance for Purchasing TV Recievers UHF antenna + installation cost Free Converter Boxes Support for Low-Income Households 1.5 million Households Analog TV “Eco-Point” Program Installation of digital tuner + instructions on its use Anti-Global Warming (CO2 Reduction) Economic Stimulus Widespread Ownership of Digital TVs “Eco-Points” (cash back) on Purchase of Energy-Efficient Products <Example of Cash-Back for Digital TV> TV size Eco-points (US $ ) 46V and above 42V, 40V 37V 32V, 26V Under 26V 450$ 287$ 212$ 150$ 88$ Air conditioner Refrigerator Digital TV set From May 2009 to March 2011

Dissemination of Digital TV in Japan ０ １ ２ ３ ４ ５ 2003 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 Calendar　year Number of Households (Unit: 10 mil) Analog TV switch-off in July 2011 Target line 50 million Households (100%) （as of Apr.2011） Target and Achievement in terms of Number of Households with TV Receivers ０ ２ ４ ６ ８ 2003 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 １ ３ ５ ７ ９ １０ １１ Calendar　year Number of Receivers (Unit: 10 mil) July 2011 Target line 100 million units （as of Jul.2011） Targets and Achievement in terms of Receivers Shipped 47.5 million (95%) (Dec. 2010) 123 million (July. 2011)

Public Announcement of ASO Analog Logo Superimposed 3 Years to ASO Blank as Letter Box Inserted 1 Year to ASO Message Imposed on Letter Box 10 Months to ASO Count Down to ASO Imposed 1 Month to ASO Effective Use of Analog Television Screen for ASO Announcement to Smooth Digital Transition

Number of Phone Calls at Call Center Executive Summery Termination of Analog Broadcasting Successfully Overcoming Difficulties towards Full Digital TV Broadcasting in Japan Frequency Congestion - Very High (80 Times More Congested than the USA) Objective − All Terminals Digital, including Cable Reception 10 Year Transition Period − ASO Date Determined by Govt. in July 2001) United Efforts of All Stakeholders towards Full Digitalization Broadcasters (including NHK), Government, DTV Support Center, Cable TV Operators, TV Manufacturers, Retailers, Consumer Groups, Volunteers, etc.. Number of Phone Calls at Call Center 124,000 Calls on July 24 19,000 Calls/Day 2,000 Calls/Day July 1 July 24 Aug. 1 Aug. 31

Contributors to Successful Migration Government Ministry of Internal Affairs & Communications (MIC) and other relevant ministries Subsidies Call Centers Dpa (Association for Promotion of Digital Broadcasting) DTV Support Centers Local authorities “Eco-point” program Q&A Free digital tuners Advice & support Support Manufacturers Support NHK (Public broadcaster) Viewers Supply Digital content Retailers Modify for digital Commercial broadcasters Publicity Cable TV Support Support Construction Volunteers Consumer groups Telecom networks Digital broadcasting infrastructure

Now and the Future Year 20XX Year 2018 Year 2013 Year 2003 Year 2000 Next Generation of Terrestrial Broadcasting Year 2018 Super Hi-Vison Broadcasting Satellite Year 2013 Year 2003 Digital Broadcasting Terrestrial Year 2000 Digital Broadcasting Satellite

Table of contents About NHK Experience of ASO（Analog Switch-Off） R&D for Next Generation Terrestrial Broadcasting

SUPER Hi-Vision started on 1 Dec.2018 13 de Julio de 2009 SUPER Hi-Vision started on 1 Dec.2018 satellite BSAT-4a 8K: NHK 4K: NHK and 9 broadcasters Right-handed circularly polarized wave Left-handed circularly polarized wave 18 18

Transmission Experiment

Transmission Experiment

Transmission Experiment

R&D for Terrestrial FY2014 FY2015 FY2016 FY2017 FY2018 FY2019 FY2020 R&D phase:1 Technology Encouraging Effective Utilization of Frequency for UHD Satellite and Terrestrial Broadcasting System R&D phase:2 Advanced Digital Terrestrial TV Broadcasting System Demonstration @Tokyo and Nagoya ISDB-T base Field Experiment in Hitoyoshi World First 8K terrestrial test transmission New BICM and OFDM Structure Field Experiment in Tokyo and Nagoya Large scare field experiment in Urban area Those researches are being performed under the auspices of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Japan.

R&D Phase:2 A. Advanced Terrestrial Broadcasting Technology Development of Modulator and Demodulator for Advanced Terrestrial Broadcasting System Considering not only FDM but also TDM and LDM Development of Re-mux module Development of Enhanced Video Encoder and Decoder B. Advanced Terrestrial Mobile Broadcasting Technology Development of Partial Receiver Improving Technology for Mobile Reception C. Development of High-power Transmitting technology Transmission Specification for High-power Test Transmission site Installation of High-power Test Site Interference study with current ISDB-T Transmission test in Urban Area

R&D Phase:2 Field trial test in urban area Tokyo Nagoya SFN interference area Same frequency Master station Relay station

R&D Phase:2 Field trial test is proceeding at Tokyo area. MIMO Antenna Tokyo Tower

R&D for Next Generation Terrestrial Broadcasting In Japan, SUPER Hi-Vison test satellite broadcasting has started in August 2016 and it was launched on 1st December 2018. Regarding the terrestrial broadcasting, National R&D 2nd phase is now proceeding At the Tokyo Olympic Games, experimental transmission test is scheduled in Tokyo and Nagoya Then, practical terrestrial broadcasting will be launched

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