Mandeep R. Mehra, MD, Nir Uriel, MD, Joseph C. Cleveland, Jr

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Presentation transcript:

A Fully Magnetically Levitated Left Ventricular Assist Device Final Report of the MOMENTUM 3 Trial Mandeep R. Mehra, MD, Nir Uriel, MD, Joseph C. Cleveland, Jr., MD, Daniel J. Goldstein, MD, National Principal Investigators, on behalf of the MOMENTUM 3 Investigators

Disclosures Dr. Mandeep R. Mehra: Consultant for Abbott, Portola, Bayer, and Xogenex. Trial steering committee member for Medtronic and Janssen. Scientific advisory board member for NupulseCV and FineHeart. DSMB member for Mesoblast. Travel support from Abbott. Dr. Nir Uriel: Research grants from Abbott and Medtronic. Consultant for Abbott and Medtronic. Dr. Joseph C. Cleveland, Jr.: Institutional research grants from Abbott. Dr. Daniel J. Goldstein: Proctor and educator for Abbott. Travel support from Abbott. DSMB member for TERUMO Inc. MOMENTUM 3 is sponsored by Abbott (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02224755)

Background Left Ventricular Assist Systems (LVAS) improve survival and quality of life in patients with advanced heart failure refractory to medical therapy1,2 Animate Fang JC. N Engl J Med 2009;361(23):2282-5 HeartMate XVE: Pulsatile-flow LVAD HeartMate II: Continuous-flow LVAD 1Rose EA et al. Long-Term Use of a Left Ventricular Assist Device for End-Stage Heart Failure. N Engl J Med 2001;345(20):1435-43 2Slaughter MS et al. Advanced Heart Failure Treated with Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device. N Engl J Med 2009;361(23):2241-51

Gastrointestinal Bleeding Background Pump Thrombosis Despite improving survival and quality of life, patients with continuous-flow LVADs are burdened with hemocompatibility-related complications1 Consequences of adverse interactions between the pump and circulating blood elements Pump thrombosis Stroke Gastrointestinal bleeding Stroke Gastrointestinal Bleeding 1Mehra MR. The burden of haemocompatibility with left ventricular assist systems: a complex weave. Eur Heart J 2019;40(8):673-7

HeartMate 3 LVAS Wide blood-flow passages to reduce shear stress Frictionless with absence of mechanical bearings Intrinsic Pulse designed to reduce stasis and avert thrombosis The HeartMate 3 LVAS is a centrifugal-flow, fully magnetically levitated blood pump engineered to minimize destruction of red blood cells and thrombosis Mehra MR et al. A Fully Magnetically Levitated Circulatory Pump for Advanced Heart Failure. N Engl J Med 2017;376(5):440-50

Adaptive Trial Design Net Trial Experience 24 Advanced Heart Failure Irrespective of Intended Goal of Therapy (Bridge to Transplant or Destination Therapy) 24 HeartMate 3 HeartMate II Randomization 1:1 Final analysis of the Full Cohort (100%) Short Term (ST) Cohort1 N=294 6-month follow-up 2nd interim analysis of the LT cohort2 (35.6%) Additional 72 patients enrolled Months of Follow-Up Long Term (LT) Cohort2 N=366 2-year follow-up 6 1st interim analysis of the ST cohort1 (7.1%) Additional 662 patients enrolled Full Cohort N=1028 2-year follow-up 294 366 1028 Number of Patients 1Mehra MR et al. A Fully Magnetically Levitated Circulatory Pump for Advanced Heart Failure. N Engl J Med 2017;376(5):440-50 2Mehra MR et al. Two-Year Outcomes with a Magnetically Levitated Cardiac Pump in Heart Failure. N Engl J Med 2018;378(15):1386-95 .

Two Interim Analyses ST Cohort: 294 Patients at 6 Months1 LT Cohort: 366 Patients at 2 Years2,3 HeartMate 3 superiority driven by reduction in pump thrombosis Lower incidence of non-disabling stroke with HeartMate 3 1Mehra MR et al. A Fully Magnetically Levitated Circulatory Pump for Advanced Heart Failure. N Engl J Med 2017;376(5):440-50. 2Mehra MR et al. Two-Year Outcomes with a Magnetically Levitated Cardiac Pump in Heart Failure. N Engl J Med 2018;378(15):1386-95 3Colombo PC et al. Comprehensive Analysis of Stroke in the Long-Term Cohort of the MOMENTUM 3 Study. Circ 2019;139 (2):155-68

Full Cohort Full Cohort N=1028 24-month follow-up Intent-to-Treat (ITT) Population N=1028 HeartMate 3 N=516 HeartMate II N=512 Withdrawn before implant N = 7 Death: 2 No LVAD implant: 2 Withdrawal of consent: 1 Transplant: 1 Implanted with non-study LVAD: 1 Withdrawn before implant N = 1 Death: 1 As-Treated Population N=1020 Implanted with HeartMate 3 N=515 Implanted with HeartMate II N=505 Withdrawn after implant N = 6 Implanted with non-study device: 2 Withdrawal of consent: 1 Non-compliance: 1 Other reason: 2 Withdrawn after implant N = 15 Implanted with non-study device: 5 Withdrawal of consent: 1 Implanted with HM3: 6 Other reason: 3 Completed study follow-up N=509 Completed study follow-up N=490

Baseline Characteristics HeartMate 3 (n=516) HeartMate II (n=512) Mean age - years 59 ± 12 60 ± 12 Male - no. (%) 411 (79.7) 419 (81.8) Race - no. (%) White 342 (66.3) 367 (71.7) Black or African American 145 (28.1) 120 (23.4) Asian 8 (1.6) 3 (0.6) Native Hawaiian or Pacific islander 0 (0) 4 (0.8) Other 21 (4.1) 18 (3.5) Ischemic cause of heart failure - no. (%) 216 (41.9) 240 (46.9) Intravenous inotropic agents - no. (%) 445 (86.2) 423 (82.6) Intra aortic balloon pump - no. (%) 64 (12.4) 79 (15.4) Serum creatinine - mg/dl 1.4 ± 0.4 Serum sodium – mmol/liter 135.4 ± 4.1 135.5 ± 4.2 Mean arterial pressure - mmHg 79.2 ± 10.4 79.2 ± 10.1 INTERMACS profile - no. (%) 1 11 (2.1) 2 156 (30.2) 146 (28.5) 3 272 (52.7) 251 (49.0) 4 67 (13.0) 82 (16.0) 5-7 or not provided* 10 (1.9) 15 (2.9) Intended goal of pump support - no. (%) Bridge to transplantation (BTT) 113 (21.9) 121 (23.6) Bridge to candidacy for transplantation 86 (16.7) 81 (15.8) Destination therapy (DT) 317 (61.4) 310 (60.5) There were significant differences between groups for race (P=0.04). *Assessments were not performed in 2 HeartMate 3 patients and 5 HeartMate II patients.

Primary End Point (ITT) Survival at 2 years free of disabling stroke (>3 mRS) or reoperation to replace or remove a malfunctioning device HR = 0.60 (95%CI: 0.47-0.75) P<0.0001 by log-rank test mRS denotes modified Rankin Score; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval

Principal Secondary End Point Pump replacement at 2 years RR (95%CI) = 0.21 (0.11 - 0.38) P<0.0001 HeartMate 3 (N=515) HeartMate II (N=505) RR denotes relative risk; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio

Principal Hemocompatibility-Related Adverse Events HM3 denotes HeartMate 3; HMII HeartMate II; EPPY events per patient year; CI, confidence interval. *P values were calculated with Poisson regression.

Freedom from All Stroke Stroke Severity HR denotes hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; RR, relative risk; EPPY, events per patient year

Gastrointestinal Bleeding Freedom from Gastrointestinal Bleeding GI denotes gastrointestinal; HR hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval

Stroke and Bleeding Hazard Functions Hazard Function for All Stroke Hazard Function for All Bleeding Events per Month Months After Implant HeartMate 3 HeartMate II Events per Month Months After Implant HeartMate 3 HeartMate II HR = 0.47 (95%CI: 0.34 – 0.66) HR = 0.68 (95%CI: 0.57 – 0.81) Mean arterial blood pressure, aspirin usage, and INR did not differ between the treatment arms during the trial HR denotes hazard ratio; CI confidence interval

Other Adverse Events HM3 denotes HeartMate 3; HMII HeartMate II; EPPY events per patient year; CI, confidence interval; TIA transient ischemic attack; RVAS right ventricular assist system. *P values were calculated with Poisson regression. +Includes TIA, encephalopathy, seizure and neurologic events other than stroke

81.0% survival for HeartMate 3 at 2-years Competing Outcomes HeartMate 3 HeartMate II 81.0% survival for HeartMate 3 at 2-years Overall survival at 2-years was not significantly different between the groups

Hospitalization Profiles, Days Out of the Hospital and Readmissions Patients Discharged on LVAD Support HeartMate 3 (N=485) HeartMate II (N=471) Difference or HR (95%CI)  P* Implant Hospitalization Median length of stay [interquartile range] - days 19 [14 to 25] 17 [14 to 24] 2 (0.7 to - 3.3) 0.11 Post-Discharge Median duration of rehospitalization 13 [4 to 37] 18 [6 to 40] -5 (-8.7 to -1.3) 0.02 Median duration on LVAD support outside of hospital [interquartile range] - days 653 [333 to 696] 605 [259 to 690] 48 (-0.8 to 96.8) 0.008 Rate of rehospitalization for any cause - EPPY 2.26 2.47 0.92 (0.86 - 0.99)+ 0.03 Patients who Underwent LVAD Implant HeartMate 3 (N=515) HeartMate II (N=505)  P Discharged on LVAD support- no. (%) 485 (94.2%) 471 (93.3%) 0.61 EPPY denotes events per patient year; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval. *P values for differences in duration are from Wilcoxon Rank Sum test. +HR was calculated from the Andersen-Gill model.

Functional Status and Quality of Life 6 Minute Walk Distance EQ-5D-5L Visual Analogue Scale P*=0.15 P*=0.15 P**<0.0001 P**<0.0001 P**<0.0001 P**<0.0001 Baseline N=471 6 Mo N=365 12 Mo N=306 24 Mo N=211 N=452 N=333 N=268 N=174 Baseline N=486 6 Mo N=420 12 Mo N=358 24 Mo N=276 N=475 N=386 N=311 N=227 NYHA Class I or II KCCQ Overall Summary Score P*=0.61 P*=0.34 P**<0.0001 P**<0.0001 P**<0.0001 P**<0.0001 Baseline N=514 6 Mo N=428 12 Mo N=359 24 Mo N=275 N=504 N=392 N=321 N=229 Baseline N=493 6 Mo N=421 12 Mo N=357 24 Mo N=277 N=482 N=388 N=311 N=227 HeartMate 3 HeartMate II HeartMate 3 HeartMate II *P-value between treatment arms over time. **P-value for treatment over time. Longitudinal changes were analyzed with linear mixed-effects models using data from baseline, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 month visits.

Subgroup Analyses of the Primary Endpoint (ITT) Will reformat without horizontal lines Favors HeartMate 3 Favors HeartMate II BTT denotes bridge to transplant; BTC, bridge to candidacy; DT, destination therapy

Hemocompatibility-related adverse events averted Net Clinical Benefit The Number Needed to Treat over two years to avert at least 1 hemocompatibility-related adverse event (pump thrombosis, stroke, or bleed) is less than 1 For every 100 patients implanted with HeartMate 3 rather than HeartMate II over a two-year period 108 such events are averted Hemocompatibility-related adverse events averted Pump Thrombosis 22 events averted Stroke 20 events averted Bleeding 68 events averted (36 gastrointestinal)

Summary: A More Forgiving Pump In the largest LVAD study performed, the centrifugal-flow HeartMate 3 LVAS has demonstrated superior performance compared to the axial-flow HeartMate II pump with respect to: Reduction in Pump Thrombosis and need for Pump replacement Reduction in Strokes of any type and of any severity Reduction in any Bleeding, particularly gastrointestinal bleeds Reduction in Cardiac Arrhythmias, particularly ventricular arrhythmias Reduction in re-hospitalizations and days spent in the hospital

Links to all prior publications and presentations from the MOMENTUM 3 trial are available at www.MOMENTUM3investigators.com

We THANK all the patients, our investigators, clinical nurse coordinators, and allied health personnel for their dedication to the conduct of the MOMENTUM 3 trial