Lewis Structures (octet breaking), Resonance, bond strength and Length

[HCO2]- Any common octet breaking atoms? How many electrons are present? What is the central atom? Draw a skeletal structure Add electrons: do you have enough to give all atoms octets? Yes? Then minimize formal charges if needed. No? Then add double bonds until you have enough electrons. Is it one that is typically found to have less? Is there any reason you chose those double bonds rather than placing it elsewhere? No? Then draw resonance structures to show all equally likely structures Label each with the formal charge

O3 Any common octet breaking atoms? How many electrons are present? What is the central atom? Draw a skeletal structure Add electrons: do you have enough to give all atoms octets? Yes? Then minimize formal charges if needed. No? Then add double bonds until you have enough electrons. Is it one that is typically found to have less? Is there any reason you chose those double bonds rather than placing it elsewhere? No? Then draw resonance structures to show all equally likely structures Label each with the formal charge

[SO3]2-

Line Structures: CH3CHCHCOOH Rules The end of a line, or a corner is a carbon All hydrogens attached to a carbon are assumed to be there. Do not draw them. Don’t forget the three hydrogens attached to the carbon at an end of a line are there! Heteroatoms: aka atoms other than C and H, need to be written in. All hydrogens attached to heteroatoms must be drawn in.

Line Structures: NH2CH2CH(OH)CH3 Rules The end of a line, or a corner is a carbon All hydrogens attached to a carbon are assumed to be there. Do not draw them. Don’t forget the three hydrogens attached to the carbon at an end of a line are there! Heteroatoms: aka atoms other than C and H, need to be written in. All hydrogens attached to heteroatoms must be drawn in. H2N

Benzene C6H6 6-membered ring Draw the lewis structure Be sure to include any resonance structures Draw the line structure