The Republic Preview Main Idea / Reading Focus A Radical Government The Reign of Terror Quick Facts: Governments of Revolutionary France

The Republic Main Idea Reading Focus An extreme government changed French society and tried through harsh means to eliminate its critics within France. Reading Focus What changes did the radical government make in French society and politics? What was the Reign of Terror, and how did it end?

The French Revolution and Napoleon Section 2: The French Revolution Unfolds Witness History Audio: Parisian Women Storm Versailles Political Crisis Leads to Revolt Famine and rumors fueled peasant revolts in the countryside. Parisians were splintered into various factions who fought for power. Note Taking Transparency 76 Notes: Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “Who is ‘the Austrian’ the mob is referring to?” (the queen, Marie Antoinette) “Why are the Parisian women so angry with the king and queen?” (They believe the king and queen are living in luxury and ignoring the suffering of the French people.) When showing Color Transparency 109, ask students to compare the fashions at Versailles with those worn by the women who marched on Versailles. When showing Color Transparency 107, use the lesson suggested in the transparency book to guide discussion. 1 of 7

Legislating New Rights Creating a New Nation Feudal dues eliminated Declaration laid out “liberty, equality, fraternity” Inspired by the English Bill of Rights, American Declaration of Independence, and the writings of Enlightenment philosophers Men are born equal and remain equal under the law The rights did not extend to women Legislating New Rights Louis tried to protect his throne Angered the common people Prices still high; mob broke into the palace demanding bread Royal family seized; National Assembly took bolder steps Passed laws against the church, clergy, and public employees Some outraged by actions Restrictions on Power

The French Revolution and Napoleon Section 2: The French Revolution Unfolds The National Assembly Acts The National Assembly finally voted to give up many of their exclusive privileges and declared “Feudalism is abolished.” In the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen, all male citizens were proclaimed equal before the law, which disappointed many women. Color Transparency 109: “High Fashion in France” The National Assembly Presses Onward The National Assembly voted to take over and sell Church lands and to place the Catholic Church under state control. The Assembly also produced the Constitution of 1791, which set up a limited monarchy. Louis XVI and his family attempted an escape from France, but were discovered and sent back to Paris. Notes: Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “Who is ‘the Austrian’ the mob is referring to?” (the queen, Marie Antoinette) “Why are the Parisian women so angry with the king and queen?” (They believe the king and queen are living in luxury and ignoring the suffering of the French people.) When showing Color Transparency 109, ask students to compare the fashions at Versailles with those worn by the women who marched on Versailles. When showing Color Transparency 107, use the lesson suggested in the transparency book to guide discussion. 2 of 7

The French Revolution and Napoleon: Section 2 Color Transparency 109: “High Fashion in France” 5 of 7

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Formation of a New Government In 1791, the Legislative Assembly is formed. Citizens gained broad voting rights, but rights were not universal. Constitution restricted power of king and ended distinctions of birth. King and queen feared they would be harmed. August 10, 1792 royal family imprisoned by mob Radical faction took charge with National Convention Monarchy abolished; France declared a republic End of Monarchy Austria and Prussia warned against harming monarchs Austrian army defeats French Financial strain of war, food shortages, and high prices King blamed; action demanded Foreign Powers French revolutionary troops won the Battle of Valmy. New French republic held ground against Europe’s Old Order.

The French Revolution and Napoleon Section 2: The French Revolution Unfolds Radicals Take Over Soon, radicals held power in the Legislative Assembly. They wanted a republic, not a monarchy. The radicals also declared war on the tyrannical rulers in Austria, Prussia, Britain, and other states. Color Transparency 107: The French Plague Notes: Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “Who is ‘the Austrian’ the mob is referring to?” (the queen, Marie Antoinette) “Why are the Parisian women so angry with the king and queen?” (They believe the king and queen are living in luxury and ignoring the suffering of the French people.) When showing Color Transparency 109, ask students to compare the fashions at Versailles with those worn by the women who marched on Versailles. When showing Color Transparency 107, use the lesson suggested in the transparency book to guide discussion. QuickTake Section Quiz Progress Monitoring Transparency 3 of 7

A Radical Government Factions Leaders Executions In 1792, the radical representatives were in charge of the National Convention. The constitutional monarchy came to a violent end, and France became a republic. Radical Mountain Moderate Girondins The Plain (swing voters) No group had program or plan of action Personal rivalries Factions Marat Sansculottes, advocate of violence Danton Compromiser Robespierre Dedicated radical Leaders King put to death by guillotine Europeans reacted with horror Revolution savagery condemned Executions

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