European Commission, DG Environment Air & Industrial Emissions Unit Seveso Directive on the control of major-accident hazards involving dangerous substances Implementation 2009- 2011 European Commission, DG Environment Air & Industrial Emissions Unit

Fundamentals of Seveso Objective = prevention of major accidents and limitation of their consequences. Scope = based on quantity of dangerous substances present =› categories of substances under certain EU hazard classifications 2-tier approach - Requirements proportionate to the risk (tonnage thresholds) – Upper tier and lower tier establishments 3-Yearly reports by Member States 2

Fundamentals of Seveso Prevention of major accidents Safety Management = task of the operator Inspections = task of inspection authorities Limitation of the consequences on man and the environment Disaster Management – Internal and external emergency planning - Information = task of operator and public authorities

Number of establishments   Total upper-tier increase upper-tier lower-tier 2011 10314 4791 (46%) 6% 5523 (54%) 2008 4528 15% No data 2005 3949 7%

Number of establishments DE has about 25% of all Seveso establishments FR, IT and UK have about 10% each FI has most per mio inhabitants - 49 per million followed by LU and SE MT has the highest concentration - 34 per 1000 km2, followed by BE, NL, LU and DE 19 Member States have fewer than 3 Seveso establishments per 1000 km2.

Most relevant industry sectors 50% of all establishments are active in o Fuel storage (including heating, retail sale..) o Production of general chemicals and of basic organic chemicals o Power generation, supply and distribution o LPG production, bottling, storage and bulk distribution o Wholesale and retail storage and distribution (excluding LPG)

Safety reports and internal emergency plans (upper-tier)   % of operators having submitted a safety report % of operators having drawn up internal emergency plans 2011 98% 99% 2008 2005 94%

External emergency plans (EEPs)(upper-tier) EEPs have to be established by the competent authorities. They have to be reviewed and tested at intervals of no longer than three years   % of establishments for which EEPs are drawn up % of EEPs tested 2009-2011 93% 73% 2005-2008 91% 60% 2002-2005 68% 40%

Information to the public (upper-tier) Information on safety measures and requisite behaviour in the event of an accident has to be supplied regularly to persons liable to be affected by a major accident.

Information to the public   % of establishments for which information was received by the public 2012 87% 2008 80% 2005 72%

Inspections % of upper-tier inspected % of lower-tier inspected 2011   % of upper-tier inspected % of lower-tier inspected 2011 66% 43% 2008 No data reported 2005 69%

Use of coercive instruments In 2009-2011, coercive instruments have been applied in 5895 cases Most used instruments: formal notice, written orders, compliance orders and administrative fines 38 cases of prohibition of use of the establishment No criminal proceedings reported

Accident statistics (eMARS) On average, 27 major accidents are reported per year. This means a relative reduction, considering the increase in the number of Seveso sites   Major accidents Involving toxic substances Involving extremely flammable substances Involving very toxic substances Upper tier Lower Tier not known 2000- 2011 224 43 54 91 80 53

Accident statistics (eMARS) Most reported incidents are major 'Seveso' accidents (321) Near misses/other events are less reported (35) Since 2006, no off-site fatalities reported   Number of fatalities caused by major accidents Number of injuries caused by major accidents 2010 9 23 2000 27 126

Accident statistics (eMARS) Six activity types contributed to › 10 events Activity Type Total number of establishments % Total events Frequency Plastic and rubber manufacture 368 3.8 10 2.8 0.7 Production and storage of pesticides, biocides, fungicides 267 13 3.6 1.3 Wholesale and retail storage and distribution (excluding LPG) 877 9.2 18 5 0.5 Processing of metals 78 0.8 21 5.9 7 Petrochemical / Oil Refineries 238 2.5 72 20 8 General chemicals manufacture (not included above) 591 6.2 101 28 4.5 Other activity 276 2.9 34 9.5 3.2

For more information… DG ENV website http://ec.europa.eu/environment/seveso/index.htm Contact: Jill Michielssen (jill.michielssen@ec.europa.eu)