Michael J. Hartman, MS, RDMS, RVT, RT(R) Advanced Degrees in Diagnostic Medical Sonography Michael J. Hartman, MS, RDMS, RVT, RT(R)

Diagnostic Medical Sonography/ Cardiovascular Technology General Cardiac Vascular

Diagnostic Medical Sonography/ Cardiovascular Technology General Abdominal OB/Gyn Breast Neurosonology Thyroid Scrotal/prostate Cardiac Adult Pediatric Fetal Vascular

Accreditation Agencies for Educational Programs in the Radiological Sciences JRC-ERT JRC-DMS JRC-CVT JRC-NMT

Diagnostic Medical Sonography/ Cardiovascular Technology Joint Review Committee on Education in Diagnostic Medical Sonography (JRC-DMS) General (Abd & OB/Gyn) Cardiac Sonography Vascular Technology Joint Review Committee on Education in Cardiovascular Technology (JRC-CVT) Invasive Cardiovascular Technology Cardiac Sonography Vascular Technology Both have similar structure with variations Both are equally acceptable in the field Accreditation ultimately granted by the Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs (CAAHEP)

National Board Examination American Registry of Diagnostic Medical Sonographers (ARDMS) General (Abd & OB/Gyn) Cardiac Sonography Vascular Technology Cardiovascular Credentialing International (CCI) Invasive CVT Cardiac Sonography Vascular Technology Similar exams Equal acceptability

National Board Examination American Registry of Diagnostic Medical Sonographers (ARDMS) Registered Diagnostic Medical Sonographer (RDMS) Registered Diagnostic Cardiac Sonographer (RDCS) Registered Vascular Technologist (RVT) Cardiovascular Credentialing International (CCI) Registered Cardiovascular Invasive Specialist (RCIS) Registered Cardiac Sonographer (RCS) Registered Vascular Specialist (RVS)

Laboratory Accreditation Vascular Technology Intersocietal Commission for the Accreditation of Vascular Laboratories (ICAVL) Cardiac Sonography Intersocietal Commission for the Accreditation of Echocardiography Laboratories (ICAEL)

Professional Societies Society of Diagnostic Medical Sonography (SDMS) www.sdms.org Society for Vascular Ultrasound (SVU) www.svunet.org  American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) www.asecho.org American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine (AIUM) www.aium.org American Society of Radiologic Technology (ASRT) www.asrt.org

SDMS Membership Categories Diagnostic Medical Sonography Student Ultrasound Technician Diagnostic Medical Sonographer RDMS General RDCS/RCS Cardiac RVT/RVS Vascular Advanced Practice Sonographer (APS) Fellow (the Society's highest honor-no more dues!)

Advanced Practice Sonographer (APS) * Membership category, NOT a credential ARDMS-registered in each specialty area of APS Five (5) years of clinical experience in that area(s) Minimum of Bachelor's degree (In 2010, DMS BS degree) An article published in a peer-reviewed journal Fifteen (15) hours of specialty specific Continuing Medical Education (CME) credit per triennium (for each specialty)

Ultrasound Practitioner (UP) Proposed as: a mid-level healthcare professional who performs ultrasound procedures in primary or specialty care settings with an increased scope of practice a new credential in the field MS Degree educational program Strong appeal for outpatient clinics and specialized private practice physicians - Cardiologists - Vascular Surgeons - Obstetricians

Ultrasound Practitioner (UP) In 1996, the SDMS commissioned a task force to investigate the feasibility for this healthcare provider, distinguished by advanced Education Experience Scope of practice Officially proposed via a comprehensive article in the JDMS (July/August 1999) Included a proposal for a national board certification examination

Ultrasound Practitioner MS Degree Proposed Prerequisites A Baccalaureate degree in any major Five years of clinical experience as an ARDMS-registered sonographer General Chemistry (8 credits w/lab) General Physics (8 credits w/ lab) General Biology (8 credits w/ lab) Human Physiology (4 credits w/ lab) Human Anatomy (4 credits w/ lab) College Math or Algebra (6 credits) Statistics (3 Credits) Psychology (3 credits) Humanities or Social Sciences (9 credits) English (6 credits) Introduction to Computers or equivalent (3 credits)

Ultrasound Practitioner (UP) No programs have been established to date > 10 are in the process of developing curricula Most of these are at major university settings Most of these are collaborating with other programs within their own institutions, sharing courses Need an established credentialing examination Need continued support from physicians and national organizations 1 MS degree DMS program exists at the University of Missouri, however it is not Practitioner-modeled

SDMS Leadership Conference National Conference April 20-23, 2006 Dallas, TX

Diagnostic Medical Sonography Advanced Practice Concensus Conference National Conference SDMS-sponsored via the Advanced Practice Committee July 21-23, 2006 Washington, DC > 25 national organizations represented

2006 SDMS Annual Conference National Conference Advanced Practice Update October 12-15, 2006 Denver, CO

Diagnostic Medical Sonography National Statistics

Employment Status Employees 94.1% Temps via Agency 2.0% Contracted/Self-employed 3.9%

Sonographer Median Salary $66,768 (includes hourly salary, overtime, and on-call pay) $32 = hourly pay rate 3 = # of overtime hrs worked/week $3/hr = on-call pay rate $45/hr = call-in rate of pay * 60.9% do not take on-call time

Highest Income by State 1. Arizona 2. California 3. Washington 4. Texas 5. New York

Update-Compensation Hourly rate (median) = $29 ($60,320 annually, full-time

Update-Compensation Vast majority work 40 hours weekly

Update-Compensation 44% on-call Call-in rate of $42/hr (median) Rarely get called in

Update-Demographics Gender: Age of Sonographers: 45 (median) 12.7% Male 87.3% Female Age of Sonographers: 45 (median) Sonographers 41 and over = 66%

Update-Age

Aging Workforce/Future Shortages 38.5% = working in the profession for over 20 years

Update-Educational Program Opportunities Opportunities predicted for the future of the profession in conjunction with: expanding market aging population # of sonographers reaching retirement age lack of a career ladder musculoskeletal injury

Sonographer Shortage: How is the shortage affecting jobs? No effect 33% Requires working longer hours 24% Requires more on-call time 19% Requires performing more exams 36% Requires staff to cross-train 11% Employer is using non-registered sonographers 19% Employer is using contract sonographers 15% Employer is requesting sonographers train non-sonographers to perform exams 6% Other staff (non-sonographers) are performing exams 2% Can not (or limited ability to) serve as a clinical site for sonography students 12% Other 7%

Practice Setting Hospital 67.7% Outpatient Clinic 10.7% Physician Office 4.5% Imaging Centers 3.4%

Location Single Facility 70% Multiple Facilities, Same Company 26% Multiple Facilities, Multiple Companies 5%

Update-Largest Specialty Practiced OB/Gyn 74% Abdominal 66% Vascular 60% Breast 48% Cardiac (Adult) 25% Neurosonology 16% Cardiac (Pediatric) 8% Cardiac (Fetal) 5% Other 3%

Update-Certification RDMS General 83% RVT/RVS Vascular 35% RDCS/RCS Cardiac 27%

Update-Specialty Earning $65,000 or more Cardiac (Pediatric) 65% Neurosonology 58% Cardiac (Fetal) 56% Cardiac (Adult) 53% Vascular 47% Abdominal 46% Breast 45% OB/Gyn 42%

Current Education HS/GED 21.0% AS 44.8% BS 29.7% MS 3.7% Doctoral .7% Trend is toward degreed sonographers

Educational Degrees

Degree Areas

30 Years of Technology

Update-Initial Sonography Education CAAHEP Accredited Programs 33% On-the-Job-Training 47% for many sonographers over 30, OJT was the only educational option available to them # of CAAHEP programs has tripled in past 10 years If students are going to spend $ on an education today, they expect and need a degree

Update-JRCDMS Growth In 1982, reviewed 1st program for accreditation By 1992, 42 programs By 2002, 90 programs Currently reviews programs in >138 sponsoring institutions, which breaks down to >250 programs by concentration. (JRCCVT has 30 additional institutions.) Trend in the field is to move to CAAHEP-accredited, advanced degree programs

Update-JRCDMS Growth Source: JRCDMS 9/2005

Diagnostic Medical Sonography Northeast Region Statistics Connecticut Maine Massachusetts New Hampshire New Jersey New York Pennsylvania Rhode Island Vermont

Update-Northeast Region Total Institutions offering DMS CAAHEP Programs: 33 (14 in PA) General 26 Cardiac 11 Vascular 6

Update-Northeast Region Total Institutions offering DMS CAAHEP Degree Programs Certificate 19 AS 11 BS 5 MS 0

Update-Northeast Region Total Institutions offering Vascular CAAHEP Programs Certificate 2 AS 1 BS 3 MS 0

Update-BS Degrees Combine DMS specialties Coordinate with existing structure Integrate where applicable Expand program specialties Computed Tomography Magnetic Resonance Imaging Medical Dosimetry Radiation Therapy Radiography

Update-MS Degrees Use curriculum as proposed by the SDMS Advanced Practice Committee as a guide Collaborate with existing programs Maximize resources

Sources ARDMS Website CCI Website CAAHEP Website JRCCVT Website www.ardms.org CCI Website www.cci-online.org CAAHEP Website www.caahep.org JRCCVT Website www.jrccvt.org JRCDMS Website www.jrcdms.org SDMS Sonographer Salary and Benefits Survey ©2005 SDMS Website www.sdms.org