Typical imaging findings.

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V V ISOLATED BRAINSTEM SYNDROME AS THE SOLE MANIFESTATION OF NEUROMYELITIS OPTICA SPECTRUM DISORDER Gisele O. Lima, Natália C. Talim 1, Lívia E. C. Talim.

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Date of download: 6/9/2016 Copyright © 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. From: Short Myelitis Lesions in Aquaporin-4-IgG–Positive.

Neuromyelitis Optica: Looking at the Brain for Clues

MRI and possible differentiating features with nonconventional MRI

Volume 18, Issue 1, Pages (February 2011)

Figure 1 Initial brain imaging (A–C) patient 1; (D–F) patient 2; (G–I) patient 3; (J–L) patient 4; and (M) patient 2. Initial brain imaging (A–C) patient.

A 22 year old woman with progressive vision loss

Neuromyelitis Spectrum Disorders

Nat. Rev. Neurol. doi: /nrneurol

Figure 4 Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder brain lesions

A Case of Neuromyelitis Optica Masquerading as Miller Fisher Syndrome

Seronegative Neuromyelitis Optica: A Case Report of a Hispanic Male

Figure 1 Percent positivity by clinical feature Overall, 6

OCT left eye (case 3). OCT showed bilateral foveal atrophy (white arrows), with an island of preserved retina in the left fovea (yellow arrow; only left.

Figure 1 Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) subgroups and patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) show different antibody.

Figure 1 Integrative model of NMO/SD pathogenesis

Figure 2 Elevated antibody reactivities against myelin and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) peptides in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and higher.

The MR scan of brain of our case vignette patient showing significant occipital lobe atrophy (especially left sided) with parietal lobe involvement as.

Fundal photograph (A) and autofluorescence (B) (Case 1)

(case 6) (A) Fundus photography showing subtle discrete areas of RPE atrophy (green areas). (case 6) (A) Fundus photography showing subtle discrete areas.

Figure 2 Representative brain MRIs from patients with neuromyelitis optica Lesions are localized at sites of high aquaporin-4 expression (white dots).

‘Poppers’ retinopathy.

Case one: (A and B) Right and left colour fundus photographs of the optic nerve head showing small crowded discs with anomalous branching of the blood.

Photograph of the legs of a patient with inherited erythromelalgia, showing erythema to the level of the mid-calf. Photograph of the legs of a patient.

Figure 1 Radiologic features of human myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein immunoglobulin G–positive patients with cranial nerve involvement Radiologic.

(A) Moderately well differentiated adenocarcinoma in subarachnoid space (H&E). (A) Moderately well differentiated adenocarcinoma in subarachnoid space.

Schematic representation of hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 3 in developed countries. Schematic representation of hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 3 in.

Case 2—Urgent CSF divergence surgery restored visual function.

Confocal images of skin biopsies taken from the legs of a control subject (A) and a patient with small fibre neuropathy secondary to HIV (B) showing PGP.

Single colour fundus photographs of pseudopapilloedema in patients initially thought to have IIH. (A) Elevated, lumpy disc with anomalous vascular pattern.

Photograph of the legs of a patient with inherited erythromelalgia, showing erythema to the level of the mid-calf. Photograph of the legs of a patient.

Indocyanine green angiography (ICG) and fluorescein angiography (FA) of the right eye (case 8). Indocyanine green angiography (ICG) and fluorescein angiography.

Figure 4 Confirmatory cohorts to assess MOG-IgG1 assay(A) All 81 aquaporin-4 (AQP4)- seropositive patients (blue) from the Oxford National neuromyelitis.

(A) Showing 10 untreated Parkinson patients; all positive for α-synuclein and 3-nitro-tyrosin (a marker for mitochondrial stress) on sigmoidoscopy and.

Page 1 of a fact sheet available at www. neurosymptoms. org

Goldmann machine. Goldmann machine. The patient's eye is positioned at the centre of a white hemispheric bowl, with the examiner looking through an eyepiece.

Figure 1 Examples illustrating gating strategy for fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)‏ Examples illustrating gating strategy for fluorescence-activated.

Figure Overview of patients with demyelinating diseases, presence of clinical symptoms frequently associated with NMDAR encephalitis, and antibody status.

Figure 1 Representative spinal cord MRIs from patients with neuromyelitis optica Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis of the cervical (A) and cervicothoracic.

Headache pain pathways targeted by neurostimulation.

Figure 2. Detection of KIR4.1 autoantibodies using LIPS

Suggested algorithm for genetic testing in Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (CMT) and related disorders in the age of disease-specific gene panels. *Motor nerve.

Figure Spinal cord imaging (A, B) Sagittal and axial T2-weighted cervical spine MRI demonstrating hyperintensities in the central gray matter of patient.

Figure Meta-analysis of 9 studies of patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) vs controls Meta-analysis of 9 studies of patients with.

Figure 3 Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) employing cells singly transfected with M1-AQP4 or M23-AQP4 or cotransfected with both AQP4 isoforms.

Autofluorescence left eye (case 3)

(A) Axial CT scan of head at presentation, showing a right occipital hypodense lesion. (A) Axial CT scan of head at presentation, showing a right occipital.

Diagram of a transverse section of the cervical spinal cord, showing the somatotopic organisation of the spinothalamic tracts (schematically enlarged),

After 4 s of raw magnetoencephalography data (two channels contain obvious artefacts), the door to the magnetically shielded room is opened during recording.

Synchronous hypothalamic and pineal germinomas.

Left: technetium-99m-HMPAO SPECT scan showing multifocal subcortical uptake in a patient with dementia due to undiagnosed HIV infection. Left: technetium-99m-HMPAO.

Headache frequency after medication withdrawal in medication-overuse headache. Headache frequency after medication withdrawal in medication-overuse headache.

(A) Frontalis test: unilateral injection of the frontalis muscle with botulinum toxin (BoNT). (A) Frontalis test: unilateral injection of the frontalis.

Sagittal T2-weighted MR scan of spine of case 1 (A) and case 2 (C), showing intramedullary signal hyperintensity at T11/12 in case 2 (C). Sagittal T2-weighted.

Functional tremor. (A) The tremor affects both hands but there is variation in amplitude and frequency between the right and left spirals. Functional tremor. (A)

Real-time quaking-induced conversion reactions seeded with cerebrospinal fluid from a patient with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) (red) and.

(A) Pupillary responses by age (from Meisami et al)

MRI in autosomal recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia: high T2 signal intensity in periventricular white matter and corona radiata with thin corpus.

Sample MR images obtained acutely from patients 1 to 6: axial T2 weighted (DWI in case 4) on the left, coronal FLAIR on the right of each panel. Sample.

General Medical Council’s (GMC) National Training Survey results for average clinic attendance per week at 33 sites across the UK in General Medical.

Figure 5 C5B3 inhibited inflammatory infiltration in an NMOSD mouse model in vivo C5B3 inhibited inflammatory infiltration in an NMOSD mouse model in vivo.

Figure 4 C5B3 decreased NMOSD mouse model lesions in vivo

(A) High intensity lesions in the left dorsolateral midbrain on T2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging in case 1. (A) High intensity lesions in the left.

Typical mean functional strength (where maximum function scores 5, and minimum scores zero; arithmetic mean of several activities plotted) against serum.

Kaplan-Meier table analysis of patients with corticobasal degeneration after onset of symptoms; the y axis refers to proportion of patients who are alive.

Axial T1-weighted MRI of the thigh (A) and lower leg (B) for case 1 shows fatty infiltration of the quadriceps and adductor muscles (L2, 3 and 4 myotomes;

This 46-year-old man presented with a 20-year history of progressive distal wasting and weakness of the right hand and forearm muscles. This 46-year-old.

MR scan of brain fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) (A) and short tau inversion recovery (STIR) (B, C) showing asymmetrical hyperintensities affecting.

MR scans of brain and spine: (A) sagittal T2 image showing signal change in the posterior spinal cord between C3 and T6. MR scans of brain and spine: (A)

(A) Clinical selection of scapular muscles depending on the side of the elevation of the shoulder in a patient with dystonic head rotation. (A) Clinical.

Presentation transcript:

Typical imaging findings. Typical imaging findings. (A) Spinal cord sarcoidosis with trident sign (A3) dorsal subpial combined with central canal enhancement forming a trident. (B) Spondylosis with enhancement, pancake sign (B2); and typical central grey matter sparing of enhancement (B3). (C) Aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-IgG seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) with short lesion and ring enhancement. (D) Spinal cord infarction showing snake eye (or owl eye) on both T2 and enhancement (rarely seen postgadolinium) in a patient with a spinal cord infarction. Romina Mariano et al. Pract Neurol 2018;18:187-200 ©2018 by BMJ Publishing Group Ltd