DO NOW: What was the name of the treaty that ended WWI DO NOW: What was the name of the treaty that ended WWI? Who wrote the treaty (the Big Four countries) and who got punished?

POSTWAR DEVELOPMENTS SECTION 15.1

Who is this guy? It’s Albert Einstein! Smartest guy ever, right? But why do people say that?

Albert Einstein: Special Relativity General Relativity Einstein’s ideas challenged the physics of Galileo and Newton.

Special Relativity You don’t need to understand relativity. Few people do. I can barely spell it.

energy = mass x the square of the speed of light This meant that matter could be transformed into energy. A whole lot of energy.

This discovery convinced scientists that there might be a way they could release this energy – and the world would never be the same again.

Sigmund Freud Founder of modern psychology Believed most of the human mind was on the unconscious level

Sigmund Freud Developed psychoanalysis. Patients talked through their problems – bringing things to the surface. Freud’s ideas challenged how people thought about the mind – people were irrational, they didn’t make sense.

Changing Society New Ideas New ways of thinking Women’s role changes (Women’s Suffrage!) Women abandon restrictive clothing in favor of shorter, looser clothes. Women seek new careers in medicine, science, education, journalism etc.

The Arts Even before the war began, there were big changes going on in the arts. Paintings in the nineteenth century were realistic, or at least tries to be pretty.

Picasso, Woman Playing Mandolin Cubism Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque founded cubism in 1907. Picasso, Woman Playing Mandolin

Cubism Natural, organic shapes became geometric. Georges Braque, Violin and Candlestick

Cubism Different views and even time was shown on canvas. Marcel Duchamp, Nude Descending a Staircase

Surrealism After the war, artists tried to seek deeper meaning. Freud’s ideas influenced these artists. Surrealism means “above or beyond reality.” These paintings are not meant to be realistic.

Salvador Dali, The Persistence of Memory

Rene Magritte, La Reproduction Interdite

Yves Tanguy, Reply to Red

Luis Bunuel, Le Chien Andalou

Jazz Jazz music develops Dancing Large bands Loose form of expression Listen to a few clips:

Igor Stravinsky, The Rite of Spring Arnold Schoenberg, Ode to Napoleon Bonaparte, Op. 41 Fats Waller, Ain’t Misbehavin’ Louis Armstrong, When the Saints Go Marching In Django Reinhardt, Sweet Georgia Brown