12-1 Jacksonian Democracy

New parties emerge 1824 – Democratic-Republicans split No winner 4 different Democratic-Republicans entered the race for U.S. President William H. Crawford Andrew Jackson Henry Clay John Quincy Adams No winner None of the candidates won a majority in electoral college, so HOR had to decide

New parties emerge Alliances Henry Clay agreed to use his influence in the H.o.R. to help Q. Adams win in exchange for becoming Sec. of State Upsets Jackson and his followers Henry Clay John Quincy Adams

Adams as president Decent job? VIDEO Did not accomplish anything truly remarkable Domestic improvements (roads, bridges, etc.) Promoted a national university (did not succeed) Reduced national debt from $16 million to $5 million Most of his efforts were impeded by hostile Jackson supporters

Election of 1828 Democratic-Republicans split! John Quincy Adams – National Republican Favored strong central government (federal) Andrew Jackson – Democrats Favored state rights and distrusted federal government

Coffin handbill

Election of 1828 Jackson: 178 electoral votes Adams: 83 After the election, the Democratic Party was officially formed.

Election of 1828 video Jackson’s victory John C. Calhoun video Received most of his support in the frontier and southern states (all loved state rights and hated big scary federal government) John C. Calhoun Served as John Quincy Adams VP, but switched parties to become Andrew Jackson’s VP!!! video

Jackson as president More voting rights Starting fresh Nomination Encouraged “equal protection and equal benefits” for all Americans!!! That is, if you are a white male American Starting fresh Almost immediately after entering office, Jackson began firing many federal workers and replacing them with people that supported his policies To the victor goes the spoils Known as spoils system Only those supporters benefited from any new laws Nomination Jackson started nominating conventions Gave more people the opportunity to participate in selecting candidates for president

Tariff debate Reminder Calhoun causing trouble! N. like tariffs, S. don’t like tariffs Calhoun causing trouble! VP Calhoun believed that if a federal law was not in the interest of a state, the state could nullify that law Jackson, although a supporter of state rights, disagreed Nullification threatened the stability of the Union

Tariff debate VIDEO New tariff Jackson’s response In 1832, Congress passed a lower tariff South Carolina (Calhoun’s home state) refused to pay and passed their own Nullification Act Threatened to secede if the federal government tried to interfere Jackson’s response Congress passed the Force Bill, which allowed them to use the military to enforce federal law VIDEO