Treatment and secondary prevention strategy diagram for VTE in patients with active cancer based on the treatment guidelines for cancer-associated VTE. DOAC, direct oral anticoagulant; LMWH, low-molecular-weight heparin; VKA, vitamin K antagonist; VTE, venous thromboembolism. aThere is an evidence gap regarding which dose of LMWH to choose for extended therapy beyond 6 months; in clinical practice, some experts continue with full therapeutic dose and others reduce to a prophylactic dose. Treatment and secondary prevention strategy diagram for VTE in patients with active cancer based on the treatment guidelines for cancer-associated VTE. DOAC, direct oral anticoagulant; LMWH, low-molecular-weight heparin; VKA, vitamin K antagonist; VTE, venous thromboembolism. aThere is an evidence gap regarding which dose of LMWH to choose for extended therapy beyond 6 months; in clinical practice, some experts continue with full therapeutic dose and others reduce to a prophylactic dose. Cihan Ay et al. ESMO Open 2017;2:e000188 Copyright © European Society for Medical Oncology. All rights reserved.